Mukati
Iko kune kuvhiringidzika kwechokwadi necroton mumisoro yevarimi vemaruva emateur. Vanoomesa musoro vanotaura nezveshowy house plant seyakadaro, asi chokwadi Croton inokura musango kana kumapurazi anopisa, kwainorimwa nekuda kwemishonga kana mbeu. Uye iyi miti mikuru kana makwenzi. Mudzimba dzedu, haisi croton inogara, asi iyo codiaum. Uye mhando imwe chete - codiaum motley (Codiaeum variegatum) kubva kumhuri yeEuphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). MuEurope, inowanzonzi "jasi raJosefa". Yakave yakakurumbira ipapo muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Variegated codiaum is a evergreen shrub inokura isingapfuuri 70 cm kumba. Pamuti wakatwasuka, wakakura (kusvika masendimita makumi matatu) mashizha ematehwe anorongwa zvakasiyana. Kutumbuka kusingaoneki, maruva maduku, akacheneruka, mbeu dzakakura. Asi kukosha kwechirimwa hakusi mumaruva, asi mumashizha - ane maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana uye mavara anoshamisa anoshamisa: mimvuri yose yegirini, yero, orenji, tsvuku uye kunyange yakasviba! Mhedzisiro yekushongedza inokwidziridzwa neyakajeka tsinga dzemavara uye mavara (30).
Kune angangoita 7 marudzi evariegated codiaum, ayo akasiyana muchimiro cheshizha ndiro. Somuenzaniso, fomu tortile shizha rakaumbwa nemoyo nemuromo wakareba, mu trilobium nheyo yeshizha i deltoid, uye ndiro pachayo yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu.
Croton marudzi
Kukurumbira kwechirimwa ichi kwakaunza basa rakawanda nevarimi vakagadzira mhando dzepakutanga nemahybrids.
Excellent - mashizha ayo anotaridzika semuouki, kumusoro kwakasvibirira netsinga yero, uye chikamu chezasi cheshizha chitsvuku-burgundy.
goridhe Nyeredzi - mashizha akasvibira anoyevedza akafukidzwa nemavara egoridhe akawanda.
Miss Ayston - muti unoyevedza, pauri panguva imwe chete, unogona kuona mashizha ekrimu, yero uye yakasvibirira.
Amai - iyi yakasiyana-siyana ine nhete, inotenderera mashizha eorange-tsvuku ane mitsetse yakasviba yegirini.
Petra – chigwenzi chine tsinga chinosvika 50 cm kureba chine mashizha akasvibira mahombe ane tsinga dzeyero.
Spiral - mhando yepakutanga kwazvo ine mashizha matete akajeka akamonyoroka paaxis yawo.
Nyeredzi yezuva - muti unosvika 80 cm kureba une mashizha matete eyero-girinhi.
Tamara - shrub inoyevedza inosvika 1 m yakakwirira ine white-cream-green mashizha muchimiro cheovha yakareba ine muromo wakapinza uye wavy edge.
Zanziebare - inosiyana mumashizha matete marefu eruvara rwegirinhi yakasviba ine mazambiringa eyero.
zulu - ine lanceolate mashizha egirini echimiro chinoshamisa ane mavara eyero.
Croton kutarisira kumba
Nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yecroton (codiaum) ndiyo nzvimbo dzinopisa dzeIndia neMalaysia. Uye izvi zvinotarisa zvinodiwa pakukura kwemamiriro.
"Matambudziko mazhinji mukukura codiaum anogona kudziviswa kana hutongi hwekushisa hukanyatsocherechedzwa," anodaro muunganidzi wezvirimwa zvemukati Elizaveta Starostina. - Muzhizha, simiti yakasununguka pakushambidzika kwe20 - 25 ° C, munguva yechando - kwete pasi pe18 ° C. Hapana madonhwe ekushisa, sills inotonhora yehwindo uye zvinyorwa!
Ground
Pakati pemisanganiswa yakagadzirwa, ivhu rema roses rinonyanya kukodzera codiaum. Zvisinei, varimi vane ruzivo rwemaruva vanosarudza kugadzirira ivhu pachavo. Kuti uite izvi, tora zvakaenzana shizha uye gadheni humus, peat uye coarse rwizi jecha. Girazi revhu rehuni rakapwanyika uye zvishoma zvezeolite zvinowedzerwa kune 3 malita emusanganiswa. Kuita kwemhinduro yevhu kunofanira kuva alkaline - 6 - 7,4 pH.
Lighting
Ichi chirimwa chinoda chiedza chakajeka, asi hachibvumiri zuva rakananga - "vanobvisa" chimiro chakanaka uye chinogona kutokonzera kupisa. Nzvimbo yakanaka kubva muchirimo kusvika kumatsutso ndiyo hwindo rekumabvazuva, kumadokero kana kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva.
Asi munguva yechando, codiaum inogona kugadziriswa pahwindo rezasi nzira. Kana ruvara rwemashizha rukatanga kupera, batidza phytolamp!
unyoro
Codiaum inoda ivhu nyoro nemhepo. Kubva Kubvumbi kusvika Gumiguru, kudiridza kunowanzo uye kwakawanda kusvika katatu pasvondo. Ita shuwa kuti ivhu hariome kupfuura masendimita matatu kubva pamusoro pehari. Munguva yechando, kudiridza imwe pavhiki yakakwana. Maminitsi makumi matatu mushure mekudiridza, mvura kubva pani inofanira kudirwa.
Chirimwa chinopindura zvakanaka kupfapfaidza zuva nezuva, humidifier yemhepo. Asi izvi hazvina kukwana. Pukuta mashizha zuva nezuva kumativi ose maviri nesiponji yakapfava, yakanyorova - izvi zvinowedzera hunyoro, zvinobvisa guruva uye zvipembenene. Ipa chipfuyo chako mvura inodziya kamwe chete pamwedzi (2).
Mvura yekudiridza nekupfapfaidza inofanirwa kugadziriswa, yakapfava uye inodziya - 2 - 4 ° C pamusoro pekushisa kwekamuri. Zvakanaka, shandisa mvura inonaya kana mvura yakasefa.
fertilizer
Kune codiaum, yakaoma mineral fertilizer inoshandiswa kune succulents uye cacti. Inokurudzirwawo kushandisa hardwood ash sefotereza.
Kudyisa
Kupfeka kwepamusoro kunoitwa chete pavhu rakanyorova, nemhinduro dzemamineral fertilizer. Muchirimo uye zhizha mune yakazara dose 1 nguva mumavhiki matatu. Mumatsutso nechando - 3/1 dose yefetereza kamwechete mumwedzi 2. Kamwe chete mwedzi miviri, teaspoon yehuni yehuni inodururwa muhari uye ivhu repamusoro rinosunungurwa zvishoma.
Trimming
Korona yakanaka uye hukuru hwakakwana hunoumbwa nekuchekerera nguva dzose. Muzvirimwa zvidiki, kudzvanywa kwepfuti kunoitwa, muvakuru - kuchekerera. Iyo yekutanga pinching inoitwa kana chirimwa chechidiki chinosvika kureba kwemasendimita 15-20, ipapo pfuti imwe neimwe inotemwa kune bhudzi rekunze, nekukurumidza painosvika masendimita makumi maviri pakureba.
Inokurudzirwa kutema miseve yemaruva, uye lateral nhungirwa dzinobuda zvakanyanya kupfuura korona yakagadzirwa.
Paunenge uchipinza apical buds yeronda, mukaka wemukaka unosimbisa; paunenge uchicheka matanda, zvinokurudzirwa kuita upfu zvidimbu nemarasha akapwanyika.
Kuchekerera kunoitwa muchirimo uye, kana zvichidikanwa, muzhizha. Mushure memazuva 2 - 3 mushure mekuchekerera, zvinomera zvinodiridzwa, korona dzinoputirwa nekukura kwekusimudzira.
Zvinokosha! Muto wemukaka wemuti une chepfu, saka shanda chete nemagirovhosi.
Kuberekwa kwe croton kumba
Croton (codiaum) ichaparadzirwa nembeu, kucheka uye kuisa.
Mbeu. Nekuparadzirwa kwembeu, maitiro evabereki haagone kuchengetedzwa.
Mbeu dzinofanira kunge dzakatsva, dzinodururwa kwemaminitsi makumi matatu nemvura inopisa (30 ° C), zvino dzinobvumirwa kuzvimba mumvura imwechete kwezuva. Dyara mundiro nemusanganiswa we peat uye jecha kusvika pakadzika 60 cm. Fukidza nefoil uye uise munzvimbo inodziya. Mvura nguva dzose mutireyi.
Kana mashizha maviri echokwadi achionekwa, mbesa dzinogara muhari.
Cuttings. Pane 2 sarudzo dzemidzi: muvhu nemvura. Nguva yakakwana yekucheka ndiFebruary-April. Iyo cuttings inotemwa 10-15 cm kureba, mashizha ezasi anobviswa. Muto wemukaka unoshambidzwa nemvura inodziya, zvikamu zvinobvumirwa kuoma kwemaawa matatu. Ipapo iyo yakaderera yakatemwa yakasvibiswa neKornevin. Kucheka kunodyarwa muhari ine ivhu rakasununguka (perlite uye peat) uye yakavharwa nechirongo. Isa munzvimbo inodziya (3 ° C). Pfaya zuva rega rega uye udira mvura mupani sezvinodiwa. The rooting muitiro anotora anenge 24 mwedzi. Zvadaro zvinomera zvinodyarwa muhari dzine ivhu rekodhiyamu.
Cuttings inogonawo kudzika midzi mugirazi remvura. Zvisinei, zvichave zvakakosha kuchengetedza kutonhora kwakanyanya kwemvura - 22 - 24 ° C. Nekukura kwemidzi 1,5-2 cm kureba, kucheka kunodyarwa muvhu, kuiswa kwemazuva 2-3 pasi pefirimu uye. wobva wanyatsotarisisa hunyoro hwevhu (2).
- Vanowanzo nyora nezve nzira yekudzura codiaum neshizha. Chokwadi, shizha rinokurumidza kuoneka midzi. Zvisinei, mberi kwekuita kunomira, nokuti budhi rekukura rinodiwa pakuonekwa kwechirimwa chitsva. Naizvozvo, idzinde chairo rinodiwa, kanenge kachidimbu kedzinde rine shizha, - anotsanangura. muunganidzi wezvirimwa zvemukati Elizaveta Starostina.
Akaturikidzana. Mumhando dzine nhungirwa refu, nzira yekuparadzira nekuisa inogona kushandiswa. Kuti uite izvi, bvisa bark pachikamu chisina chinhu chebazi - nemhete 1 cm yakafara, shandisa yakanyoroveswa sphagnum moss pachironda, uiputire nefirimu yakatambanudzwa, uchigadzirisa kubva kumusoro uye pasi. Mumwedzi zvichaonekwa kuti midzi yakamera sei kuburikidza nemoss. Pasi pavo, bazi rinotemwa uye rinodyarwa muvhu.
Croton transplant kumba
Zvinokurudzirwa kudyara zvirimwa zvidiki kaviri pagore, zvirimwa zvakakura kupfuura makore maviri - 2 nguva mumakore maviri, vakuru vakuru havatapuri, asi vanongotsiva iyo yepamusoro yevhu gore negore.
Kutanga kwekutanga mavhiki maviri mushure mekutenga. Hari inofanira kuva 2 - 3 cm muupamhi kupfuura yekare. 5 cm yemvura inofanira kuiswa pasi. Kutanga kubva pakusimwa kwechipiri, zvinomera zvinotamiswa, kuyedza kusaparadza coma yevhu, asi kungozunungusa zvishoma kubva muvhu rekare. Midzi yakakuvara uye ine zvirwere inogurwa uye yakasvibiswa nemarasha akapwanyika.
Nguva yakanaka yekusimwa ichirimo. Ndokumbira utarise kuti haugone kutamisa chirimwa chinotumbuka uye chinorwara (kunze kwechirwere chekuora kwemidzi).
Croton zvirwere
Anthracnose. Inoratidzika semakwapa egrey kana mashava pamashizha. Chikonzero chacho kazhinji kudiridza zvakanyanya uye mvura inomira munzvimbo yemidzi.
Nekudzivirira, kupfapfaidza chirimwa katatu uye kudiridza ivhu nechero fungicide, semuenzaniso, Fitosporin kana Alirin, inoshandiswa (3).
Root kuora. Chiratidzo chekutanga chechirwere mashizha ari kucheneruka. Zvino vanobva vaoma vodonha.
Chirimwa chacho chinofanira kukurumidza kuisirwa, kubvisa midzi yakapfava uye yakakanganisika, ichisasa zvicherwa nemarasha akapwanyika. Wedzera mahwendefa maviri eGlyocladin kumusoro kwevhu. Pfaya chirimwa nemvura nemhinduro yeAlirin (3).
Croton zvipembenene
Spider mite. Zvipembenene izvi zvinosiya tumapunctures uye mavara machena pamashizha.
Seyero yekudzivirira, kupfapfaidza nguva dzose uye kupukuta mashizha nesiponji yakanyorova yakazviratidza zvakanaka. Zvinokurudzirwa kugeza chirimwa chakakanganisika zvakanaka nesiponji nemvura ine sipo, wozopfapfaidza Actellik kana Fitoverm katatu nemazuva manomwe (7).
Shchitovka. Zvipembenene zvinoonekwa pamashizha uye madzinde - zvinoita sebrown dry plaques.
Chimiro chacho chinofanira kupukutwa nedonje pad yakakanyiwa muvodka, yozoshambidzwa nemvura ine sipo, ichiwedzera infusion yeguruva refodya (1 kikapu pa 1 litre yemvura inopisa, kubika kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, siya kwezuva, wozosimbisa uye kuwedzera 30 . chipunu chesipo yemvura yekuwachira) . Inokurudzirwa zvakare kumwaya Actellik (1).
Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira
Takabvunza nezve croton muunganidzi wemumba Elizaveta Starostina - akapindura mibvunzo yakakurumbira yevarimi vemaruva.
Chimiro chacho chinofanira kuva neutano - pasina mavara asina mubvunzo, maronda uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza, zvinyorwa zvezvipembenene. Paunenge uchitenga munguva inotonhora, mukumbire kuti airongedze zvakanaka mupepa kuitira kuti irege kutonhora.
Kuoma kwemashizha kunokonzerawo utachiona nedandemutande.
Mashizha akaomeswa pasi pechirimwa chevakuru inzira yekuchembera yakasikwa.
- kutonhora kwehwindo sill kana dhizaini;
- mhepo yakaoma uye kusadiridza kusina kukwana;
- mvura inomira munzvimbo yemidzi, iyo inotungamirira kurufu rwemidzi yemidzi uye kudonha kwemashizha;
- kuparadzwa kwezvipembenene.
Mushure mokubvisa chikonzero, fudza chirimwa nemhinduro isina simba yefetereza uye pfapfaidza nekukura stimulator.
Zvitubu zve
- Burlutskaya LA Houseplants. // M.: AST, 2009
- Codiaeum variegatum // Plantsrescue.
https://www.plantsrescue.com/codiaeum-variegatum/
- State catalog yemishonga yezvipembenene uye agrochemicals inotenderwa kushandiswa munharaunda yeFederation kubva munaChikunguru 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture yeFederation.
https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/