Isu tinoziva mwero wakakwana asi tinokanganwa kuti ndangariro, kunyangwe iri shoma, inogona zvakare kuve yakakwana.

Vamwe vanhu vanokwanisa kuchengeta mundangariro dzavo huwandu hukuru hwemifananidzo, manzwi, zvinhu mudiki-diki. Yaizopa munhu wacho kukwanisa kuchengetedza kwenguva pfupi, chiyeuchidzo chakanaka chemufananidzo wakaratidzwa kwemasekonzi makumi matatu sekunge mufananidzo uchiri kunzwisiswa.

Sezvakaita chero imwe ndangariro, kusimba kwendangariro kunoenderana nezvakawanda zvinhu zvakaita se:

• nguva uye nguva yakawanda yekuratidzwa kune kukurudzira;
• kunyatsocherechedza;
• kukosha kwemunhu;
• etc.

Isu tinotaura nezvemhedziso yekurangarira, yeyepikicha ndangariro kana kunyange eidetic memory, kubva muchiGiriki "eido", zvinoreva kuti "kuona", eidos, fomu. Mufananidzo weEidetic uri kure nekukwana, sezvo unowanzo kukanganisa uye kuwedzera, senge episodic memory. Kuna Alan Searleman, purofesa wepfungwa (St Lawrence University, New-Yort St), hazvina kujairika kuti vanhu vane ndangariro dzepfungwa vachinje kana kugadzira zvinoonekwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mifananidzo ye eidetic haisi yemifananidzo muzvisikwa, asi inovakwa patsva kubva mundangariro uye inogona kupesvedzerwa sedzimwe ndangariro (zvese zvinoonekwa uye zvisiri zvekuona) kuburikidza nekusarudzika kwekuziva.

Kuvapo chaiko kwe eidetic memory kune gakava. Kana iripo, iyi ndangariro yakazvarwa here kana kuti inowanikwa. Adrian de Groot (1914-2006), purofesa wepfungwa dzechiDutch uye mutambi mukuru wechess, akaburitsa ngano iyi nekuita ongororo yekugona kweshasha dze chess kubata nemusoro nzvimbo dzakaoma dzezvidimbu pane seti. Shasha dzakakwanisa kuyeuka huwandu hunokatyamadza hweruzivo zvakanyanya kupfuura mune zvevasahwira. Ichi chiitiko saka chinouya kukutsigira kweiyo eidetic memory. Asi mushure mekuratidzira shasha dzisingakwanise chikamu chikamu mumitambo chaiyo, iko kurangarira kwezvavanofunga kwainge kwakafanana neyavamateurs. Izvi zvaireva kuti shasha dzakange dzave nehunyanzvi hwekuziva nemusoro kufanotaura nziyo dzemitambo zvine musoro pane kuve muridzi wehunyanzvi hwekuita eidetic.

Kwemakore gumi, muongorori Ralph Norman Haber akaongorora ndangariro dzevana vane makore manomwe kusvika gumi nerimwe. Zvinoshamisa kuti vana vane ndangariro dzeeidetic vakataura nezvechifananidzo chiri panguva ino, sekunge chaigara chiri pamberi pavo, chakadhindwa muuropi hwavo. Sekureva kwaPurofesa Andy Hudmon (Dhipatimendi reNeurobiology, Stanford), iyi huru eidetic yekurangarira kugona muvana kupfuura kune vanhu vakuru inoratidza kuti shanduko yebudiriro inoitika pane imwe nguva, pamwe panguva yekuwana humwe hunyanzvi, izvo zvinokanganisa kugona ye eidetic ndangariro.

Mazhinji masayendisiti anoti anoshamisa ndangariro mashandiro kune yakawedzera kugona kubatanidza kana kuronga ruzivo kuti ruchengetwe mumusoro, panzvimbo peyechokwadi eidetic memory.

Semuyenzaniso, vazhinji nyanzvi chess vatambi vane inoshamisa kugona kuyeuka chinzvimbo chess zvimedu chero nguva panguva yemutambo. Iko kugona kuchengetedza chaiyo yepfungwa mufananidzo we chessboard inobvumira vatambi ava kutamba akawanda chessboards kamwechete, kunyangwe vakavharwa maziso. Saka zvaive zvisingashamisi kuti vaongorori vakaona kuti nyanzvi chess vatambi vane hunyanzvi hwakakura hwekurangarira chess maitiro pane bvunzo dzevaya vasingatambe chess. Nekudaro, nepo vaongorori vakapokana nenyanzvi chess vatambi vane radomically yakagadzirwa ebhodhi modhi, nyanzvi vatambi vaive vasiri nani pane novice chess vatambi pakurangarira chess mhando. Saka, nekushandura mitemo yemutambo, vaongorori vakaburitsa kuti kugona kunoshamisa kwevatambi ava kubata nemusoro ruzivo rwekuona kune chess (pamwe chikonzero chaicho nei vanhu ava vachigona chess) kwaisave kuenzana nendangariro yemifananidzo. Vanhu vane yechokwadi eidetic ndangariro vanofanirwa netsanangudzo kukwanisa kuenzanisa uye kurangarira mune zvakaringana zvakadzama kunyange zvisina tsarukano zvinoonekwa zviono.

Kunyange zvazvo paine gakava, vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanotendawo kuti eidetic imaging inowanzoitika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzevasina pfungwa (kunyanya, muvanhu vane kunonoka kunowanzoitika nekuda kwezvipenyu kwete zvezvakatipoteredza) uyewo pakati pevakwegura.

Kim Peek, wekuAmerica ane Asperger's Syndrome (a neurodevelopmental disorder of genetic origin), akakurudzira hunhu hwaRaymond Babbitt, gamba remubhaisikopo reRain man uye rakaridzwa naDustin Hauffman, akarangarira eidetic uye akabata nemusoro mabhuku anopfuura gumi. Zvakatora masekonzi gumi kuverenga peji. Enisaikoropidhiya yechokwadi yekurarama, kugona kwake kubata nemusoro huwandu hweruzivo rwakamubvumirawo kuti ashanduke kuita GPS chaiyo yemunhu, zvisinei neguta riri panyika maaive.

Imwe shasha yendangariro, Stephen Wiltshire, akadaidza kuti "camera man". Autistic ane eidetic memory, anozivikanwa nekugona kwake kudhirowa nzvimbo mune zvakadzama mushure mekuiona nekupenya. Ngwarira, eidetic memory imhando yakakosha yendangariro. Izvo hazvifanirwe kuvhiringidzwa ne hypermnesia kana kukwidziridzwa kwendangariro. Iyo yekupedzisira ndeye psychopathology inoratidzirwa neakanyanya kutsanangurwa autobiographical memory uye yakawandisa nguva yakapihwa kurangarira zvakapfuura.