gourami fish

Tsanangudzo yehove dzegourami

Gourami (Trichogaster) vamiririri ve suborder Labyrinths (Anabantoidei) yemhuri yeMacropod (Osphronemidae). Nyika yavo iSoutheast Asia. Varume vanosvika kureba kwe15 cm.

Richishandurwa kubva mumutauro wechitsuwa cheJava, shoko rokuti “gourami” rinoreva “hove inobudisa mhino yayo mumvura.” VaJavane vanocherechedza vave vachiona kwenguva refu kuti mumadhamu avo akawanda asina kudzika mune hove dzinogara dzichida kubuda kuti dzimedze mweya. Hongu, imhepo. Zvechokwadi, pakati pehove pane dzakasiyana-siyana dzinofema kwete okisijeni yakanyungudutswa mumvura, kufanana nevakawanda vehama dzavo, asi mweya wemuchadenga. Uye nekuda kweizvi chete vanokwanisa kurarama mumadhaka madhaka uye muminda yemupunga. 

Gourami uye hama dzavo dzose dzine nhengo yakasiyana yekufema - labyrinth iri pedyo negill, nerubatsiro rwehove dzinogona kufema mweya. Zvimwe vaiva madzitateguru avo akamboenda kunyika kuti atange upenyu hwepanyika. Nechikonzero chimwe chete, muromo wegourami unowanikwa kumusoro kwemusoro - zviri nyore kuti hove dzimedze mweya kubva kumusoro uye dzinodya zvipembenene zvinowira mumvura netsaona.

Nenzira, iyo yechokwadi gourami haisi aquarium runako, asi hove hombe (kusvika 70 cm) iyo chero muredzi weIndia kana weMalay haashungurudzike kubata, nekuti inonaka chaiyo. Asi madiki madiki akave echokwadi kuwanikwa kune aquarist, nekuti gourami inogara uye inobereka zvakanaka mukutapwa uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, haidi aeration ye aquarium.

Chimwe chicherechedzo chehove dzegourami irwonzi refu-kunge ventral fin, rakaita senge antenna uye richiita basa rakafanana - nerubatsiro rwayo, vagari venzvimbo dzine madhaka dzinoziva nyika nekubata.

Mhando nemhando dzehove dzegourami

Kune akawanda matambudziko nekuiswa kwegourami. Vazhinji vanoda aquarium vanodana hove hove dzakasiyana siyana dzelabyrinth aquarium, nepo mana chete emhando dzegourami chaidzo: pearl, brown, mavara uye marble gourami. Zvimwe zvose, zvakadai se "kugunun'una" kana "kutsvoda" zvine chokuita nemhando dzehove, asi zvakadaro hazvisi gourami yechokwadi (4).

Pearl gourami (Trichogaster leerii). Zvichida yakanakisa uye yakakurumbira pakati peaquarists. Ihove idzi dzinogona kusvika 12 cm pakureba, uye dzine zita radzo nokuda kwemavara adzo anoshamisa: dzinoita sedzakazara naamai-we-pearl. Inzwi guru rehove rakasvibiswa neshanduko kune lilac, mavara machena ane sheen. Mutsetse wakasviba unomhanya nemuviri wese uchitevedza inonzi midline.

Mwedzi gourami (Trichogaster microlepis). Kwete zvishoma zvinoshanda. Uye kunyange zvazvo pasina mavara akajeka pairi, zvikero, zvesirivha zvine ruvara rwepepuru, zvinoita kuti hove idzi dziite kunge phantoms dzakarukwa kubva mumhute. Mwedzi gourami yakati diki pane pearl gourami uye kashoma kukura kusvika 10 cm.

Akaona gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus). Vamiriri verudzi urwu vanonyanya kuwanda pakati peaquarists. Kunyanya, uye nekuda kwekusiyana kwemavara avo. Inouya mubhuruu negoridhe. Mavara ane rima akapararira pamusoro pemuvara ane mavara, zvichiita kuti hove dzisaonekwe mumatenhere emiti yemumvura.

Rudzi rwakakurumbira mune iyi fomu marble gourami. Muruvara, hove idzi, dzinosvika kureba masendimita gumi nemashanu, dzakafanana nemarble machena ane mavara akasviba. Rudzi urwu runofarirwa zvakanyanya nevadi vehove dze aquarium.

Bhurawuni gourami (Trichogaster pectoralis). Yakapendwa zviri nyore kupfuura hama dzataurwa pamusoro apa uye, zvichida, iri pedyo nemadzitateguru ayo emusango. Mune aquarium, inokura kusvika masendimita makumi maviri, asi musango yakakura zvikuru. Kutaura zvazviri, dzine ruvara rwesirivheri dzine mutsara mutema pamuviri, asi dzine ruvara rwebrown (20).

Kuenderana kwegourami hove nedzimwe hove

Gourami ndeimwe yehove dzine runyararo. Kusiyana nehama dzavo dzepedyo, bettas, ivo havadi kuronga kurwa kwekuratidzira uye vakagadzirira kushamwaridzana nevavakidzani vese mu aquarium. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti ivo, ivowo, havaratidzi utsinye, kwete kuedza kukuvadza hama dzine ushamwari. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kuti usavadyara nehove dzine hutsinye.

Kuchengeta gourami hove mu aquarium

Gourami haisi yechinhu chinoonekwa sehove kune vanotanga, nekuti vanokwanisa kurarama mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti mvura haifanirwe kutonhora (zvikasadaro vagari venzvimbo dzinopisa vanova lethargic uye vangatobata kutonhora) uye hapana chinovadzivirira kuti vasayangarara pamusoro kuti vamedze mweya. Asi compressor inopomba okisijeni mumvura haina kunyanya kudiwa kune gourami.

Gourami hove kutarisira

Gourami iri nyore kutarisira uye ichafadza varidzi vayo kweanopfuura gore, kana vakatevera yekutanga mitemo.

Aquarium volume

Gourami haisi kunyanya kudiwa pamvura yakawanda. Kune boka rehove 6 - 8, 40 l aquarium yakakodzera (3). Kana iyo vhoriyamu iri diki, iwe uchafanirwa kushandura mvura nguva nenguva kuitira kuti irege kusvibiswa neyakaora zvigadzirwa zvechikafu chisina kudyiwa - inokwana 1/1 yehuwandu hweiyo aquarium inofanira kuvandudzwa kanokwana kamwe pasvondo, ukuwo zvakanyatsonaka. kuchenesa pasi nehosi. Mvura inofanira kutanga yadzivirirwa.

Kuti kuchenesa kuve nyore, zviri nani kuisa matombo epakati nepakati kana akawanda-mavara mabhora egirazi pazasi pe aquarium. Gourami anoda zvirimwa zvemumvura kuvanda mukati, saka dyara mamwe makwenzi.

Kupisa kwemvura

Pasi pemamiriro echisikigo, gourami inogara mumadziva asina kudzika, anodziya zuva, saka, zvechokwadi, ivo vachanzwa zviri nani mumvura inodziya. Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha inosvika 27 - 28 ° C. Mumamiriro edzimba, uko kunogona kutonhora zvakanyanya mumwaka-kunze, zviri nani kuisa mamwe maheater. Hazvigone kutaurwa kuti mumvura, kutonhora kwe20 ° C chete, hove dzichafa, asi hadzizove dzakagadzikana.

Chii chekudyisa

Gourami vane omnivorous zvachose. Asi, pakusarudza zvokudya kwavari, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti miromo yehove idzi iduku zvikuru, saka havazokwanisi kuruma zvidimbu zvakakura. Chikafu chepakati nepakati chakavakodzera: bloodworm, tubifex, kana pre-crushed flakes, ayo atova nezvose zvinodiwa pahutano hwehove.

Kubereka gourami hove kumba

Kana iwe ukafunga kutora vana kubva kuhove dzako, kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuwana yakakosha aquarium yevhoriyamu diki (inenge 30 malita). Ivhu haridikanwi ipapo, aeration haidiwewo, asi mabhomba mashoma kana snags uye zvirimwa zvinoyangarara pamusoro zvichauya zvinobatsira. 

Gourami vanokwanisa kubereka pazera regore rimwechete. Vaviri vauri kuda kutora fry vanofanira kudyarwa mu aquarium yakagadzirirwa. Iwe unofanirwa kudira mvura yakati wandei ipapo - isingasviki masendimita gumi nemashanu, asi inofanirwa kudziya kupfuura muya aquarium huru.

Chasara kuona show inoshamisa. Hove mbiri dziri kuyedza kuzviratidza kubva kudivi rakanakisa: ruvara rwadzo rwunopenya, vanoparadzira zvimbi zvavo nekupokana vachiratidzira pamberi peumwe neumwe. Uye ipapo baba venguva yemberi vanotanga kuvaka dendere refuro. Mate, mabhuru emhepo uye zvimedu zvidiki zvemiti zvinoshandiswa. Ipapo murume gourami anonyatsoisa zai rimwe nerimwe mubhodhoro rakagadzirirwa iye. 

Nekudaro, iyo idyll inogara kusvika pakuzvarwa kwefry. Mushure meizvi, zviri nani kudyara murume, nokuti anongoerekana akanganwa mabasa ose ababa vake uye anogona kutozarura kuvhima kwevana.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Akapindura mibvunzo yeaquarist nezve zviri mukati gourami muridzi wechitoro chemhuka Konstantin Filimonov.

Zvitubu zve

1. Grebtsova VG, Tarshis MG, Fomenko GI Mhuka mumba // M .: Great Encyclopedia, 1994
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Aquarium hove. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 200
3. Rychkova Yu. Chishandiso uye dhizaini yeiyo aquarium // Veche, 2004