Zvitsuwa zveLangerhans masero ari mupancreas anoita basa rakakosha mumuviri. Iwo ane beta maseru anoburitsa insulin, mahormone anodzora shuga yeropa. Mune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, ndiwo chaiwo maseru anoparadzwa. Zvitsuwa zveLangerhans saka zviri pamoyo wekutsvaga kwekurapa.

Zvitsuwa zveLangerhans (zvakatumidzwa zita raPaul Langherans, 1847-1888, wechiGerman anatomo-pathologist uye biologist) ndiwo maseru epancreas, ane anenge miriyoni imwe. Yakagadzirwa nemasero akarongedzerwa kuita masumbu - saka izwi rekuti zvitsuwa - zvinoparadzirwa mune exocrine tishu (tishu inovharira zvinhu yakaburitswa kunze kweropa) yepancreas, iyo inoburitsa ma enzymes anodiwa kugaya. Aya masikorosikopu masumbu anoumba chete 1 kusvika 1% yemasero mashoma epancreas, asi anoita basa rakakosha mumuviri.

Zvitsuwa zveLangerhans masero endocrine. Dzinobereka mahormone akasiyana: kunyanya insulin, asiwo glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, somatostatin.

Iwo masero e beta kana β maseru ezvitsuwa zveLangerhans zvinogadzira insulin, iyo hormone inoita basa rakakosha mumuviri. Basa rayo nderekuchengetedza chiyero cheyero yeglucose (glycemia) muropa. Iyi glucose inoshanda sosi yesimba - muchidimbu, "peturu" - yemuviri, uye mwero wayo muropa haufanire kunge wakanyanya kuderera kana kudzikira kuti muviri ushande nemazvo. Ndiro chairo basa re insulini kuyera mashuga eropa nekubatsira muviri kushandisa uye / kana kuchengeta iyi glucose zvichienderana nekuti yakawandisa here kana kuti haina kukwana.

Masero anogadzira glucagon, hormone inowedzera huwandu hweshuga muropa kana shuga yeropa yakaderera. Izvo zvinoita kuti chiropa uye zvimwe zvinyama mumuviri zviburitse zvakachengetwa shuga muropa.

Chirwere cheshuga 1

Type 1 kana insulin-inoenderana neshuga inokonzerwa nekufambira mberi uye kusingachinjiki kwemasero e beta ezvitsuwa zveLangerhans nenzira yekuzvimiririra yemajini chinokonzera. Uku kuparadza kunotungamira mukushomeka kwe insulin kwakazara, uye nekudaro njodzi yehyperglycemia kana chikafu chikatorwa, kozoita hypoglycemia pakati pekudya, kana pakutsanya kana kuita zvekuita muviri. Munguva ye hypoglycemia, nhengo dzinotorerwa simba rine substrate. Kana ikasadzorwa, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukonzeresa zvakakomba itsvo, zvemwoyo, tsinga, gastroenterological uye ophthalmological pathologies.

Neuroendocrine bundu repancreas

Icho chisingawanzoitika mhando yekenza yepancreatic. Iyo inonzi neuroendocrine bundu (NET) nekuti inotangira mumasero eiyo neuroendocrine system. Isu tinobva tataura nezve NET yepancreas, kana TNEp. Inogona kunge isiri yekuviga kana yekuviga (inoshanda). Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, zvinobva zvaita kuti pakawandisa mahormone.

Chirwere cheshuga 1

Insulin kurapwa inobhadharisa kushomeka kwekugadzira insulin. Murwere anobairira jekiseni insulin kakawanda pazuva. Kurapa uku kunofanirwa kuteverwa kwehupenyu hwese.

Pancreas kudyara yakagadzirwa muma 90s. Kazhinji inosanganisirwa nekuisirwa kweitsvo, inochengeterwa varwere vechirwere cheshuga zvakanyanya .. Kunyangwe paine mhedzisiro, pancreatic kuisirwa haina kuzova kurapa kwesarudzo yerudzi rwe1 chirwere cheshuga, kunyanya nekuda kwechimiro chakaomarara chemaitiro uye kurapwa kwakabatana kwehunodzivirira.

Langerhans islet kubatanidza ndeimwe yetariro huru mune manejimendi yerudzi rwe1 chirwere cheshuga. Inosanganisira kupinza chete maseru anobatsira, mune iyi kesi zviwi zveLangerhans. Inotorwa kubva kupancreas yemupiro-akafa mupiro, izvo zvitsuwa zvakasarudzika uye zvobva zvabayiwa kuburikidza neiyo portal vein muchiropa chemurwere. Imwe yematambudziko iri muhunyanzvi hwekuparadzanisa zvitsuwa izvi. Ichokwadi chaizvo kuti zvakaoma kubvisa masumbu macroscopic emasero kubva kune mamwe mapascreas pasina kuvakuvadza. Kuiswa kwekutanga kwakaitwa muParis muma80s. Muna 2000, iro Edmonton boka rakawana insulin kuzvimiririra mune 7 akateedzana varwere vakaisirwa zviwi. Basa rinoenderera pasi rese. MuFrance, kuongororwa kwemakiriniki kwakatanga mu2011 muzvipatara zvina zvikuru zveParis zvakabatana mukati me "boka reIle-de-France rekudyara zviwi zveLangerhans" (GRIIF). Mhedzisiro yacho iri kuvimbisa: mushure mekuisirwa, hafu yevarwere vakarumurwa kubva kune insulin, nepo imwe hafu ichiwana zvirinani kudzora glycemic, yakaderedzwa hypoglycemia uye insulin zvinodiwa.

Pamwe chete neiri basa rekuisa, tsvagiridzo inoenderera nekunzwisisa kukura uye mashandiro emaseru aya, pamwe neiyo genesis nekusimudzira kwechirwere. Hutachiona hwemasero e beta nehutachiona hwehepe (hunogona kuve nechimiro chechirwere cheshuga chakanangana nevanhu vanobva muAfrica mavambo), nzira dzekukura nekukura kwemasero eBeta, kufurirwa nemamwe majini anobatanidzwa mukutanga kwechirwere. chikamu chezvino nzira dzekutsvaga. Pfungwa iyi ndeyekutsvaga zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kushanda kweT lymphocyte kurwisa beta maseru, kutsvaga mhinduro dzekudzivirira iyi autoimmune reaction, kumutsidzira zvitsuwa zveLangerhans, nezvimwe.

Neuroendocrine bundu repancreas

Iwo manejimendi anoenderana nehunhu hwebundu uye hwakavakirwa pamatanho akasiyana:

• sejari
• chemotherapy
• antisecretory kurapwa kudzora mahormone akavanzika kubva bundu

Chirwere cheshuga 1

Type 1 chirwere cheshuga chirwere che autoimmune mavambo: T lymphocyte anotanga kuona mamorekuru aripo mumasero e beta seanotapukira anomiririrwa. Nekudaro, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa mwedzi yakati wandei kana kunyangwe makore mushure mekutanga kwemaitiro aya. Izvi zvikamu zvehypoglycaemia uye / kana yakakosha uremu kunyangwe uine chishuwo chakanaka, kazhinji uye kuwanda kwakawanda, nyota isina kujairika, kuneta kwakanyanya. Iko kuongororwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekuonekwa kwe autoantibodies muropa.

Neuroendocrine bundu

Neuroendocrine mamota anonetsa kuongorora nekuda kwekusiyana kwezviratidzo zvavo.

Kana iri inoshanda neuroendocrine bundu repancreas, inogona kukonzera kunyanyisa insulin kugadzirwa. Chitarisiko kana kuwedzera kwekutanga kusiri-insulini-inotarisana neshuga inofanirwa kuongororwa nevarume vanopfuura makore makumi mana ekuberekwa vasina nhoroondo yemhuri yeshuga.

Kuongorora kweatomopathological yebundu kunoita kuti zvikwanise kutsanangura hunhu hwayo (kusiyanisa kana kusagadzikana bundu) uye chikamu chayo. Kuongorora kwakazara kwekuwedzera kwechirwere mukutsvaga metastases kunoitwawo.