Chii chinobetsera munhu kurarama kunyange mumusasa wechibharo? Chii chinokupa simba rekuenderera mberi pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu? Sezvinokatyamadza sezvazvinonzwika, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muhupenyu hakusi kutsvaga mufaro, asi chinangwa nebasa kune vamwe. Ichi chirevo chakagadzira hwaro hwedzidziso dzeAustrian psychologist uye psychotherapist Viktor Frankl.
“Mufaro ungasava zvataimbofungidzira kuva. Panyaya yehupenyu hwese, simba repfungwa uye mwero wekugutsikana pamunhu, pane chimwe chinhu chakakosha kupfuura mufaro, "Linda naCharlie Bloom, vanachiremba vepfungwa uye nyanzvi dzehukama dzakaitisa masemina mazhinji pamusoro wemufaro.
Mugore rake rekutanga kukoreji, Charlie akaverenga bhuku raanotenda kuti rakachinja hupenyu hwake. “Panguva iyoyo, rakanga riri bhuku rinokosha zvikuru randati ndamborava, uye richiri kudaro nanhasi. Inonzi Kutsvaga Kwemunhu Kwezvinoreva uye yakanyorwa muna 1946 naViennese psychiatrist uye psychotherapist. Victor Frankl".
Frankl achangobva kusunungurwa kubva mumusasa wevasungwa umo akaiswa mujeri kwemakore anoverengeka. Ipapo akagamuchira mashoko okuti vaNazi vakanga vauraya mhuri yake yose, kubatanidza mudzimai wake, mukoma, vose vari vaviri vabereki nehama dzokunyama dzakawanda. Izvo Frankl aifanira kuona uye ruzivo munguva yekugara kwake mumusasa wevasungwa zvakamutungamirira kumhedziso iyo inoramba iri imwe yemashoko mapfupi uye akadzama pamusoro pehupenyu kusvika nhasi.
"Zvinhu zvose zvinogona kutorwa kubva kumunhu, kunze kwechinhu chimwe chete: yekupedzisira yekusununguka kwevanhu - rusununguko rwekusarudza mumamiriro ezvinhu chero ipi zvayo kuti ungavabata sei, kusarudza nzira yako," akadaro. Pfungwa iyi nemamwe mabasa aitevera aFrankl akanga asiri efungidziro chete - aibva pakuona kwaaiita zuva nezuva vamwe vasungwa vasingaverengeki, pakufungisisa kwemukati uye neruzivo rwake rwekupona mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka.
Pasina chinangwa nerevo, mudzimu wedu unokosha unopera simba uye tinova nyore nyore kudzvinyiriro yomuviri neyendangariro.
Maererano nekuona kwaFrankl, mukana wekuti vasungwa vemusasa vaizopona waibva pakuti vane Chinangwa. Vavariro ine revo zvikuru kupfuura ivo pachavo, iyo yakavabatsira kubatsira mukuvandudza kunaka kwehupenyu hwevamwe. Akataura kuti vasungwa vaitambura mumuviri nepfungwa mumisasa asi vakakwanisa kurarama vaiwanzotsvaka uye kuwana mikana yokugoverana chimwe chinhu nevamwe. Ringava shoko rinonyaradza, chimedu chechingwa, kana kuti chiito chakapfava chomutsa netsitsi.
Chokwadika, iyi yakanga isiri vimbiso yokupukunyuka, asi yakanga iri nzira yavo yokuchengeta pfungwa yedonzo uye revo mumigariro youtsinye zvikuru yokuvapo. “Pasina chinangwa nerevo, simba redu rinopera uye tinova nyore nyore kudzvinyirirwa mumuviri nepfungwa,” anowedzera kudaro Charlie Bloom.
Kunyange zvazvo kuri kwomuzvarirwo kuti munhu ade mufaro panzvimbo pokutambura, Frankl anotaura kuti pfungwa yedonzo nezvainoreva kazhinji kazhinji inoberekwa munhamo namarwadzo. Iye, kufanana hapana mumwe munhu, ainzwisisa kukosha kunodzikinura kwekutambudzika. Akaziva kuti chimwe chinhu chakanaka chaigona kukura kubva muchiitiko chinorwadza zvikuru, chichishandura kutambura kuva hupenyu hunovhenekerwa neChinangwa.
Vachidudza chimwe chinyorwa che<em>Atlantic Monthly, Linda naCharlie Bloom vakanyora kuti: “Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kuva nechinangwa muupenyu kunowedzera kugara zvakanaka uye kugutsikana, kunovandudza kushanda kwepfungwa uye utano hwomuviri, kunowedzera kusimba uye kuzviremekedza, uye kunoderedza kushushikana. mukana wekuora mwoyo. “.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, kuramba uchitsvaka mufaro nenzira inoshamisa kunoita kuti vanhu vasanyanya kufara. “Mufaro,” ivo vanoyeuchidza kudaro, “kazhinji unobatanidzwa nomufarwa wokuva nemirangariro inofadza nokunzwa. Tinonzwa tichifara apo chinodiwa kana kuti chishuvo chinogutswa uye tinowana zvatinoda.”
Munzveri Kathleen Vohs anotaura kuti “vanhu vanofara zvavo vanowana mufaro mukuru mukugamuchira betsero nokuda kwavo vamene, nepo vanhu vanorarama upenyu hune revo vachiwana mufarwa mukuru mukupa chimwe chinhu kuvamwe.” Imwe ongororo yakaitwa muna 2011 yakagumisa kuti vanhu vane upenyu hune chinangwa uye vane chinangwa chinonyatsozivikanwa vanogutsikana kupfuura vanhu vasina chinangwa, kunyange panguva yavanenge vasingafariri.
Makore mashoma asati anyora bhuku rake, Viktor Frankl akanga ava kutorarama nepfungwa yakadzama yechinangwa, iyo pane dzimwe nguva yaida kuti asiye zvishuvo zvake nokuda kwezvitendero nezvipikirwa. Pakazosvika 1941, Austria yakanga yatotongwa nemaGermany kwemakore matatu. Frankl akaziva kuti yaingova nyaya yenguva vabereki vake vasati vatorwa. Panguva iyoyo akange atova nemukurumbira wepamusoro uye aizivikanwa pasi rose nekuda kwezvipo zvake mumunda we psychology. Akanyorera ndokugamuchira vhiza reUnited States uko iye nomudzimai wake vaizova vakachengeteka, kure navaNazi.
Asi, sezvo zvakava pachena kuti vabereki vake vaizoendeswa kumusasa wevasungwa, akatarisana nesarudzo yakashata - kuenda kuAmerica, kutiza uye kuita basa, kana kugara, kuisa hupenyu hwake nehupenyu hwemudzimai wake pangozi, asi rubatsiro. vabereki vake panguva yakaoma. Pashure pokurangarira zvikuru, Frankl akaziva kuti donzo rake guru rakanga riri rokuva nomutoro kuvabereki vake vakwegura. Akasarudza kuisa parutivi zvido zvake, kugara muVienna uye kupa hupenyu hwake kushumira vabereki vake, uyezve vamwe vasungwa mumisasa.
Tese tinokwanisa kuita sarudzo uye kuita maererano nadzo.
“Zvakaitika kuna Frankl panguva iyi zvakapa hwaro hwebasa rake redzidziso uye rekiriniki, iro kubvira ipapo rakachinja zvikuru mararamiro emamiriyoni evanhu pasi pose,” vanowedzera kudaro Linda naCharlie Bloom. Viktor Frankl akafa muna 1997 ava nemakore 92. Zvaaitenda zvaibatanidzwa mukudzidzisa nemabasa esayenzi.
Hupenyu hwake hwese hwakashanda semuenzaniso unoshamisa wekugona kunoshamisa kwemunhu mumwechete kuwana uye kugadzira chinangwa muhupenyu huzere nekushupika kunoshamisa kwemuviri uye mupfungwa dzimwe nguva. Iye pachake akanga ari chibvumikiso chaichoicho chokuti isu tose tine maruramiro okusarudza mafungire edu echokwadi mumamiriro api naapi. Uye kuti sarudzo dzatinoita dzinove chinhu chinotaridza kunaka kwehupenyu hwedu.
Pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo isu hatigone kusarudza sarudzo dzinofadza dzekuvandudzwa kwezviitiko, asi hapana mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro apo isu taizoshaya kugona kusarudza maitiro edu kwavari. “Upenyu hwaFrank, kupfuura mashoko aakanyora, hunosimbisa kuti tose tinokwanisa kuita zvisarudzo uye kuita maererano nazvo. Pasina mubvunzo, hwakanga huri upenyu hwakanaka,” vanonyora kudaro Linda naCharlie Bloom.
Nezve vanyori: Linda naCharlie Bloom ndivo psychotherapist uye vakaroorana varapi.