Gore rega rega, American nonprofit Environmental Working Group (EWG) inoburitsa rondedzero yemichero nemiriwo yakanyanyozadzwa nemishonga yezvipembenene uye yakachena. Boka iri rinonyanya kutsvagisa nekuparadzira ruzivo rwemakemikari ane muchetura, rubatsiro rwekurima, minda yeveruzhinji uye mishumo yemakambani. Basa reEWG nderekuzivisa vanhu kuchengetedza hutano hweveruzhinji uye nharaunda.
Makore 25 apfuura, National Academy of Sciences yakabudisa mushumo wairatidza kunetseka pamusoro pokubatwa kwevana nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine muchetura kupfurikidza nezvokudya zvavo, asi vagari venyika vachiri kushandisa zvitsama zvikuru zvemishonga inouraya zvipembenene zuva nezuva. Kunyange zvazvo miriwo nemichero zvakakosha zvikamu zvekudya zvine utano, zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti mishonga yezvipembenene muzvokudya izvi inogona kuisa njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu.
13 Zvokudya Zvakasvibiswa
Rondedzero iyi inosanganisira zvinotevera zvigadzirwa, zvakanyorwa mukudzika kurongeka kwehuwandu hwemishonga yezvipembenene: mastrawberries, sipinashi, nectarines, maapuro, mazambiringa, mapichisi, howa oyster, mapeya, matomatisi, celery, mbatatisi uye inopisa mhiripiri tsvuku.
Chimwe nechimwe chezvikafu izvi zvakaongororwa kuti zvine hutano kune akati wandei akasiyana emishonga yezvipembenene uye yaive nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwemishonga yezvipembenene kupfuura zvimwe zvekudya.
Zvinopfuura 98% zvemastrawberries, sipinachi, mapichisi, nectarines, cherries nemaapuro zvakawanikwa zviine zvisaririra zvepesticide imwe chete.
Imwe strawberry sample yakaratidza kuvapo 20 mishonga yezvipembenene yakasiyana.
Sipinachi samples dzakapetwa ka1,8 huwandu hwezvisaririra zvezvipembenene zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvirimwa.
Nechinyakare, iyo Dirty Dozen runyoro ine zvigadzirwa gumi nemaviri, asi gore rino zvakasarudzwa kuti zviwedzere kusvika gumi nematatu uye zvinosanganisira tsvuku inopisa mhiripiri. Yakawanikwa yakasvibiswa nemishonga yezvipembenene (makemikari ekugadzirira kuuraya zvipembenene zvinokuvadza) izvo zvine chepfu kuhutano hwevanhu. Kuongororwa kweUSDA kwe12 samples dzemhiripiri inopisa muna 13 na739 yakawana masara emishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine muchetura, acephate, chlorpyrifos, uye oxamil. Uyezve, kuwanda kwezvinhu kwaive kwakakwira zvekukonzera kusagadzikana kwekutya. Muna 2010, zvakaonekwa kuti masara emishonga iyi achiri kuwanikwa muchirimwa.
EWG inokurudzira kuti vanhu vanogara vachidya mhiripiri dzinopisa vanofanira kusarudza organic. Kana isingawanikwe kana kuti ichidhura zvakanyanya, inobikwa zvakanyanya kana kupiswa nemafuta sezvo huwandu hwemishonga inodzikiswa nekubika.
15 zvokudya zvakachena
Rondedzero iyi ine zvigadzirwa zvakaonekwa zvine mishonga yezvipembenene zvishoma. Zvinosanganisira avocado, chibage chinotapira, chinanazi, kabichi, hanyanisi, girini pizi, papaya, asparagus, mango, eggplant, uchi melon, kiwi, cantaloupe melon, cauliflower uye broccoli.. Izvo zvakaderera zvakanyanya zvezvisaririra zvezvipembenene zvakawanikwa mune izvi zvigadzirwa.
Akanyanya kuchena makotapeya nechibage chinotapira. Isingasviki 1% yemasampuli yakaratidza kuvepo kwechero mishonga yezvipembenene.
Zvikamu zvinodarika makumi masere kubva muzana zvemapineapple, mapapaya, asparagus, hanyanisi nemacabbage akange asina mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene zvachose.
Hapana kana imwe yemasampuli echigadzirwa akanyorwa anga aine zvinopfuura mana emishonga yezvipembenene.
Chete 5% yemasampuli pane rondedzero yaive nemishonga miviri kana kupfuura.
Ndeipi njodzi yemishonga yezvipembenene?
Mumakumi maviri emakore apfuura, akawanda emishonga inouraya zvipembenene yakabviswa mukushandiswa kwakawanda kwekurima uye kurambidzwa kubva mudzimba. Mamwe, senge organophosphate mishonga yezvipembenene, achiri kushandiswa kune zvimwe zvirimwa.
Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzenguva refu dzevana veAmerica, dzakatanga muma1990, dzakaratidza kuti kuratidzirwa kune organophosphate mishonga yezvipembenene muvana kunokonzera kukuvadzwa kusingaperi kuuropi uye tsinga.
Pakati pa2014 na2017, masayendisiti kuEnvironmental Protection Agency akaongorora dhata rairatidza kuti organophosphate mishonga yezvipembenene inokanganisa huropi hwevana nemaitiro. Vakagumisa kuti kuramba vachishandisa mushonga mumwe chete (chlorpyrifos) kwakanga kusina kuchengeteka zvikuru uye kunofanira kurambidzwa. Nekudaro, maneja mutsva weAgency akasimudza kurambidzwa kwakarongwa uye akazivisa kuti kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza kwechinhu hakuzopedzike kusvika 2022.
Boka rezvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura rinoratidza kubatana pakati pekudyiwa kwemichero nemuriwo nemasara emishonga yezvipembenene uye matambudziko ekubereka. Ongororo yakaitwa neHarvard yakawana kuti varume nevakadzi vakashuma kakawanda kunwa chikafu chakanyanya mumishonga yezvipembenene vaive nematambudziko ekuve nevana. Panguva imwecheteyo, michero shoma nemiriwo ine mishonga yezvipembenene hazvina kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa.
Zvinotora makore akawanda uye zviwanikwa zvakakura kuita tsvakiridzo inozoedza mhedzisiro yemishonga yezvipembenene pakudya uye hutano hwevanhu. Zvidzidzo zvenguva refu zve organophosphate pesticides pahuropi uye maitiro evana zvakatora anopfuura makore gumi.
Nzira Yokudzivisa Nemishonga Yezvipembenene
Kwete nekuti vamwe vanhu vanosarudza organic zvigadzirwa. Ongororo ye2015 nevanoongorora paYunivhesiti yeWashington yakawana kuti vanhu vanotenga organic michero nemiriwo vane yakaderera huwandu hwe organophosphate insecticides muweti yavo samples.
MuRussia, munguva pfupi panogona kuve nemutemo unodzora zviitiko zvevagadziri vezvigadzirwa zve organic. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, pakanga pasina mutemo mumwe chete unodzora indasitiri iyi, saka, kana uchitenga "organic" zvigadzirwa, mutengi haagone kuve ne100% chokwadi chekuti mugadziri haana kushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene. Tinovimba kuti bhiri iri richatanga kushanda munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
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