Silicon (Si) ndiyo yechipiri yakanyanya kuwanda pamusoro pePasi (mushure meokisijeni), iyo inotitenderedza kwese kwese muchimiro chejecha, kuvaka zvidhinha, girazi, zvichingodaro. Inenge 27% yehutu hwepasi isilicon. Yakawana kutariswa kwakanyanya kubva mukurima mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo kune zvimwe zvirimwa. Silicon fertilization parizvino iri kutorwa seimwe nzira yekurwisa biotic uye abiotic kusagadzikana muzvirimwa pasirese.
Muzvisikwa, kazhinji hazviitike muchimiro chayo chakachena, asi chinosanganiswa neokisijeni molecule muchimiro chesilicon dioxide - silica. Quartz, iyo huru inoumba jecha, isiri-crystallized silica. Silikoni isimbi, chinhu chiri pakati pesimbi nechisiri-simbi, chine zvimiro zvezvose. Iyo semiconductor, zvinoreva kuti silicon inoitisa magetsi. Zvisinei, kusiyana nesimbi yakajairika, .
Ichi chinhu chakatanga kuzivikanwa neSweden chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius muna 1824, uyo, maererano nemakemikari nhaka, akawanawo cerium, selenium uye thorium. semiconductor, inoshandiswa kugadzira transistors, iyo ndiyo nheyo yemagetsi, kubva kumaredhiyo kusvika ku iPhone. Silicon inoshandiswa mune imwe nzira kana imwe mumasero ezuva uye makomputa machipisi. Sekureva kweNational Laboratory Lawrence Livermore, kushandura silicon kuita transistor, chimiro chayo chekristalline "chakacheneswa" nehushoma hwezvimwe zvinhu zvakaita seboron kana phosphorus. Izvi zvinoteedzera zvinhu zvinobatana nemaatomu esilicon, zvichiburitsa maerekitironi kuti afambe mukati mezvinhu zvese.
Tsvagiridzo yemazuva ano yesilicon inoita senge ngano yesainzi: muna 2006, masayendisiti akazivisa kusikwa kwekombuta chip inosanganisa zvikamu zvesilicon nemasero ehuropi. Nokudaro, zviratidzo zvemagetsi kubva kumasero europi zvinogona kuendeswa kune yemagetsi silicon chip, uye zvinopesana. Chinangwa ndechekupedzisira kugadzira chigadzirwa chemagetsi chekurapa kwehutano hwetsinga.
Silicon zvakare yakagadzirira kugadzira iyo yekupedzisira-yakaonda laser, iyo inonzi nanoneedle, inogona kushandiswa kuendesa data nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya kupfuura echinyakare optical tambo.
Vemuchadenga vakamhara pamwedzi muna 1969 vakasiya bhegi jena raive nesilicon disk yakakura kudarika dhora resimbi. Dhisiki iri rine mameseji makumi manomwe nenhatu kubva kunyika dzakasiyana ane zvishuwo zvezvakanaka nerunyararo.
Silicon haina kufanana nesilicone. Iyo yekupedzisira inogadzirwa nesilicon ine oxygen, kabhoni uye hydrogen. Nyaya iyi inobvumira zvakakwana kupisa kwepamusoro.
Silicone inogona kuva nengozi kune hutano. Kufema mukati kwenguva yakareba kunogona kukonzera chirwere chemapapu chinonzi silicosis.
Unoda here hunhu hwekuisirwa opal? Iyi muenzaniso inoumbwa nekuda kwesilicon. Gemstone imhando ye silica yakasungirirwa kumamorekuru emvura.
Silicon Valley inowana zita rayo kubva kusilicon, iyo inoshandiswa mumachipisi emakombuta. Iro zita pacharo rakatanga kuoneka muna 1971 muElectronic News.
Inopfuura 90% yepasi pevhu ine silicate-ine zvicherwa uye makomisheni.
Mvura yakachena uye oceanic diatoms inotora silicon kubva mumvura kuti ivake madziro emasero.
Silicon inokosha mukugadzirwa kwesimbi.
Silicon ine density yakakwira kana iri yemvura fomu pane iri yakasimba.
Zvizhinji zvekugadzirwa kwesilicon pasi rose zvinoenda mukugadzira alloy inozivikanwa seferrosilicon, ine iron.
Ingori nhamba diki yezvipenyu zvePasi pano zvinoda silicon.
Silicon mune mamwe acho, ayo asingakwanisi kudiridza nenguva. Mukuwedzera: Silicon-inoshaya mupunga uye gorosi ine madzinde asina simba anoparadzwa nyore nemhepo kana mvura. Yakave yakasimbiswawo kuti silicon inowedzera kushorwa kwemamwe marudzi ezvirimwa kune fungal kurwisa.