Nguva yenhoroondo inobatsira: patent ye scooter ine mavhiri maviri yakapihwa makore mazana maviri apfuura. Muzvinafundo wekuGermany Carl von Dresz akabvumidza zviri pamutemo mhando dzake dze "running machine". Iri zita harisi netsaona, nekuti mabhasikoro ekutanga aive asina pedals.
Bhasikoro rinopa hutano hunobatsira, rinovandudza mafungiro uye inzira inoshanda yekufambisa. Zvisinei, munyika yanhasi, vatyairi vemabhasikoro vane matambudziko akawanda kupfuura zvaangaite. Kushaikwa kwenetiweki yemigwagwa, nzvimbo dzekupaka, njodzi inogara iripo kubva kuhuwandu hukuru hwemotokari - zvese izvi zvave kukurudzira kwekuita sarudzo dzekutanga uye dzinoshanda mumaguta akasiyana epasi.
Copenhagen (Denmark): Kugadzira tsika yevatyairi vemabhasikoro
Ngatitangei neakanyanya "mabhasikoro" guta guru repasi. Yakanga iri Copenhagen iyo yakateya nheyo dzekusimudzira nyika yemabhasikoro. Anoratidza muenzaniso wakajeka wekuti ungabatanidza sei vanhu mumararamiro ane hutano. Zviremera zveguta zvinogara zvichikwevera pfungwa dzevagari kutsika yemabhasikoro. Wese Dane ane yake "shamwari ine mavhiri maviri", hapana anozoshamisika mumigwagwa nemurume anoremekedzwa akapfeka sutu inodhura uye ari pabhasikoro kana musikana mudiki mune stilettos uye mune chipfeko anofamba achitenderera guta pa " bhasikoro”. Izvi zvakanaka.
Nørrebro idunhu reguta guru reDenmark, uko zviremera zvakamisikidza kuyedza kwakanyanyisa bhasikoro. Mugwagwa mukuru haugone kufambiswa nemota: ndeye mabhasikoro chete, matekisi nemabhazi. Zvichida ichi chichava chimiro chemudhorobha remaguta anotevera.
Zvinonakidza kuti maDanes akasvika panyaya yevelo world pragmatically. Nzira dzekuvaka (guta rose rakafukidzwa netiweki yenzira dzekutenderera pamativi ese emigwagwa mikuru), kugadzira mamiriro akagadzika evatyairi (nguva yekuchinja mwenje wetraffic inogadziriswa zvinoenderana neavhareji yekumhanya kwebhasikoro), kushambadzira uye mukurumbira - zvese izvi. zvinoda mari. Asi mukuita, zvakazoitika kuti kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvebhasikoro kunounza purofiti kuhomwe.
Chokwadi ndechekuti paavhareji, 1 km yerwendo rwebhasikoro inochengetedza nyika inenge masendi gumi nematanhatu (16 km yerwendo nemotokari ingori masendi mapfumbamwe). Izvi zvinoitwa nekudzikisa mari dzehutano. Somugumisiro, bhajeti inogamuchira chinhu chitsva chekuchengetedza, iyo inokurumidza kubhadhara mazano ose e "bhasikoro", uye inokubvumirawo kutungamirira mari kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Uye izvi zviri kuwedzera pakushaikwa kwe traffic jams uye kudzikira kwekusvibiswa kwegasi ...
Japan: bhasikoro = mota
Zviripachena kuti munyika yakasimukira zvakanyanya pasirese mune yakakura system yenzira dzemabhasikoro uye nzvimbo dzekupaka. MaJapan asvika padanho rinotevera: bhasikoro kwavari haisisiri toyi, asi mota izere. Muridzi webhasikoro anofanira kunyatsotevedzera mitemo nemirairo yakadzikwa padanho remutemo. Saka, kutyaira kwakadhakwa kunorambidzwa, mitemo yemigwagwa inofanira kuonekwa (muRussia zvakare, asi muJapan izvi zvinotariswa uye kurangwa zvakakwana), zvakakosha kuvhenekera mwenje usiku. Zvakare, haugone kutaura parunhare panguva yerwendo.
Kana uchinge watenga bhasikoro, zvinosungirwa kurinyoresa: izvi zvinogona kuitwa muchitoro, vakuru venzvimbo kana kukamba yemapurisa. Maitiro acho anokurumidza, uye ruzivo nezvemuridzi mutsva rwunopinzwa murejista yehurumende. Kutaura zvazviri, mafungiro ebhasikoro uye muridzi waro akafanana chaizvo nemotokari uye muridzi wayo. Bhasikoro rine nhamba uye rinopiwa zita remuridzi.
Iyi nzira inoderedza mutsauko uripo pakati pemutyairi nemutyairi webhasikoro uye inoita zvinhu zviviri panguva imwe chete:
1. Unogona kudzikama pamusoro pebhasikoro rako (ichagara ichiwanikwa mukurasikirwa kana kuba).
2. Papfungwa, mutyairi webhasikoro anonzwa mutoro uye chimiro chake, icho chine mhedzisiro inobatsira pakuzivikanwa kwekutakura mavhiri maviri.
Portland (USA): kosi dzebhasikoro muAmerica yakasvibira nyika
Kwenguva refu kwazvo, dunhu reOregon raida kutanga hurongwa hwechizvino-zvino hwekugovana mabhasikoro (kugovera mabhasikoro). Pamwe pakanga pasina mari, saka pakanga pasina chirevo chinoshanda, saka pakanga pasina purojekiti yakadzama. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubvira 2015, Biketown, imwe yemapurojekiti emazuva ano mumunda wekugovana bhasikoro, yakatanga kushanda muguta guru.
Iyo purojekiti inogadzirwa nerutsigiro rweNike uye inoshingairira kushandisa yazvino hunyanzvi uye yehurongwa nzira dzebasa. Zvinhu zvekurojesa ndezvizvi:
simbi U-locks, iri nyore uye yakavimbika
Kutsvaga bhasikoro kuburikidza neapp
mabhasikoro ane shaft system pachinzvimbo chetani (aya "mabhasikoro" anonzi anoshanda zvakanyanya uye akavimbika)
Bright orenji mabhasikoro ave chimwe chezviratidzo zveguta. Kune akati wandei nzvimbo dzakakura muPortland uko nyanzvi dzekuchovha mabhasikoro dzinodzidzisa nzira yekukwira, yakachengeteka uye inoshanda kune wese munhu. Pakutanga kuona, izvi zvinoita sekuseka, asi ngatifungei nezvazvo: kuchovha bhasikoro mutoro wakakomba pamuviri uye basa rakaoma. Kana vanhu vakadzidza kumhanya nemazvo (uye izvi zvakakosha), saka iwe unofanirwa kunge uchikwanisa kuchovha bhasikoro nemazvo, unofungei?
Poland: bhasikoro kubudirira mumakore gumi
Kupinda kuEuropean Union kune mativi akanaka uye asina kunaka - hazvidzivisiki kune chero chiitiko. Asi nerubatsiro rweEU kuti Poland yakashanduka kuita nyika yevatyairi vemabhasikoro munguva pfupi.
Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwezvirongwa zveEU kutsigira kuchovha bhasikoro uye mararamiro ane hutano muPoland, masisitimu emazuva ano enzira dzemabhasikoro akatanga kuvakwa, nzvimbo dzekupaka uye nzvimbo dzekurojesa dzakavhurwa. Kugovera bhasikoro munyika yakavakidzana inomiririrwa nepasi rose brand Nextbike. Nhasi, chirongwa cheRower Miejski ("City Bicycle") chinoshanda munyika yose. Mumaguta akawanda, mamiriro ekurenda anoyevedza zvikuru: maminetsi ekutanga makumi maviri emahara, 20-20 maminetsi anodhura 60 zlotys (anenge 2 cents), mushure - 60 zlotys paawa. Panguva imwecheteyo, network yenzvimbo dzekurenda inorongwa, uye iwe unogona kugara uchiwana chiteshi chitsva mushure me4-15 maminetsi ekutyaira, isa bhasikoro mukati uye utore ipapo ipapo - nyowani makumi maviri emahara maminetsi atanga.
Mapango anonyanya kufarira mabhasikoro. Mumaguta makuru ese, chero zuva revhiki, kune vatasvi vebhasikoro vakawanda mumugwagwa, uye vezera rakasiyana kwazvo: kuona murume ane makore makumi matanhatu ezera akapfeka sutu yebhasikoro yakakosha, akapfeka ngowani uye aine sensor yekufamba. ruoko rwake chinhu chakajairika. Hurumende inosimudzira mabhasikoro zvine mwero, asi ine hanya nekunyaradza kune avo vanoda kuchovha - ichi ndicho kiyi yekusimudzira tsika yebhasikoro.
Bogota (Colombia): Green City neCiclovia
Zvisingatarisirwi kune vakawanda, asi muLatin America mune kutarisisa kuri kukura kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hweveruzhinji. Nechijairira, kunongedzera dunhu iri kunyika dzichiri kusimukira, zvinonetsa kubvuma kuti kune dzimwe nzvimbo zvaenda mberi.
Muguta guru reColombia, Bogota, network yakakura yemigwagwa yebhasikoro ine urefu hwese kweanopfuura 300 km yakagadzirwa uye inobatanidza nzvimbo dzose dzeguta. Munzira dzakawanda, kukosha kwekuvandudzwa kwegwaro iri kuri kuna Enrique Peñalos, meya weguta, uyo akatsigira zvirongwa zvezvakatipoteredza munzira dzese dzinogoneka, kusanganisira kusimudzira tsika yebhasikoro. Somugumisiro, guta racho rachinja zvinooneka, uye mamiriro ezvinhu eecology ava nani zvikuru.
Gore rega rega, Bogotá inogamuchira Ciclovia, zuva risina motokari, apo vagari vese vanoshandura mabhasikoro. Zvinoenderana nehunhu hunopisa hwevagari venzvimbo, zuva rino rinoshanduka rikava rudzi rwecarnival. Mune mamwe maguta enyika, rudzi urwu rwezororo runopembererwa Svondo yega yega. Zuva chairo rekuzorora iro vanhu vanopedza nekunakidzwa, vachipa nguva kune hutano hwavo!
Amsterdam neUtrecht (Netherlands): 60% yemotokari ndeyevatyairi
Iyo Netherlands inoonekwa seimwe yenyika dzine imwe yeakanyanya kugadzirwa mabhasikoro. Iyo nyika idiki uye, kana uchida, unogona kuitenderedza pamota dzine mavhiri maviri. MuAmsterdam, 60% yevagari vanoshandisa mabhasikoro senzira yavo huru yekufambisa. Nomuzvarirwo, guta rine angangoita 500 km enzira dzemabhasikoro, hurongwa hwemarambi emigwagwa uye zviratidzo zvemumugwagwa zvevatyairi, uye nzvimbo zhinji dzekupaka. Kana iwe uchida kuona kuti bhasikoro rakaita sei muguta remazuva ano rakagadzirwa, zvino ingoenda kuAmsterdam.
Asi iro diki 200-yakasimba yunivhesiti guta reUtrecht harina mukurumbira pasi rese, kunyangwe richingove neyakasiyana masisitimu evatyairi. Kubva kuma70s ezana ramakore rapfuura, zviremera zveguta zvanga zvichienderera mberi nekusimudzira pfungwa yemararamiro ane hutano uye kuendesa vagari vavo kumota dzine mavhiri maviri. Guta rine mabhiriji ekumisa akakosha pamusoro penzira dzemahara dzemabhasikoro. Maboulevards ese nemigwagwa mikuru ine nzvimbo dze "girinhi" uye migwagwa yakakosha yevatyairi. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti usvike nekukurumidza kwauri kuenda, pasina basa uye matambudziko netraffic.
Huwandu hwemabhasikoro huri kukura, saka 3-level nzvimbo yekupaka yeanopfuura gumi nematatu mabhasikoro yakavakwa padhuze neUtrecht Central Station. Munyika hamuna zvivakwa zvechinangwa ichi uye chemwero wakadaro.
Malmö (Sweden): kutenderera nzira dzine mazita
47 maeuro akaiswa mukusimudzira tsika yebhasikoro muguta reMalmö. Nzira dzepamusoro-soro dzebhasikoro dzakavakwa pamutengo wemari yebhajeti, network yenzvimbo dzekupaka dzakagadzirwa, uye mazuva emusoro akarongwa (kusanganisira Zuva Risina Mota). Nekuda kweizvozvo, mararamiro emuguta akakwira, kuwanda kwevashanyi kwawedzerawo, uye mutengo wekuchengetedza migwagwa wakadzikira zvakanyanya. Sangano rekuchovha bhasikoro rakaratidza zvakare kubatsira kwaro kwehupfumi.
VaSweden vakapa mazita akakodzera kune dzakawanda dzemabhasikoro eguta - zviri nyore kuwana nzira mufambisi. Uye zvakawanda zvinonakidza kuchovha!
UK: tsika yekambani yekuchovha mabhasikoro nemashawa uye yekupaka
VaBritish vakagadza muenzaniso wemhinduro yemunharaunda kune dambudziko guru remabhasikoro - apo munhu anoramba kukwira bhasikoro kuti ashande nokuti haakwanisi kugeza mushure mayo uye osiya bhasikoro munzvimbo yakachengeteka.
Active Commuting yakabvisa dambudziko iri nehunyanzvi hwazvino uye dhizaini yemaindasitiri. Chivako chidiki chine nhurikidzwa mbiri chakavakwa munzvimbo yekupaka pedyo nehofisi huru, uko mabhasikoro angangoita makumi mashanu anogona kuiswa, makamuri ekuchengetera, makamuri ekuchinjisa uye akawanda emvura akagadzirwa. Compact dimensions inokubvumira kuti uise iyi dhizaini nekukurumidza uye nemazvo. Ikozvino kambani iri kutsvaga mapurojekiti epasi rose uye vatsigiri kuti vashandise tekinoroji yayo. Ndiani anoziva, zvichida nzvimbo dzekupaka dzeramangwana dzichava dzakangofanana - nemashawa uye nzvimbo dzemabhasikoro.
Christchurch (New Zealand): mweya mutsva, pedals uye cinema
Uye pakupedzisira, imwe yenyika dzisina hanya munyika. Christchurch ndiro guta hombe paSouth Island yeNew Zealand. Hunhu hunokatyamadza hweiyi kona iri kure yepasi, yakasanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze anofadza uye kunetseka kwevanhu nezvehutano hwavo, zvinokurudzira zvinopindirana zvekusimudzira bhasikoro. Asi veNew Zealand vanoramba vari vechokwadi kwavari uye vanouya nemapurojekiti asina kujairika, pamwe ndosaka vachifara.
Imwe cinema yakavhurika yakavhurwa muChristchurch. Zvinoita sepasina chinhu chakakosha, kunze kwekuti vateereri vanogara pamabhasikoro ekurovedza muviri uye vanomanikidzwa kutsika nesimba ravo rose kuitira kuti vagadzire magetsi ekutepfenyura kwefirimu.
Iko kushanda kwekusimudzira kwezvivakwa zvebhasikoro kwakacherechedzwa mumakore makumi maviri apfuura. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, hapana aive nehanya nekuronga mabhasikoro akasununguka. Iye zvino mapurojekiti akawanda efomati iyi ari kuitwa mumaguta akasiyana epasi: nzira dzakakosha dziri kuvakwa munzvimbo dzakakura, makambani akaita seNextbike (kugovana bhasikoro) ari kuwedzera geography yavo. Kana nhoroondo ikaitika nenzira iyi, vana vedu vachapedza nguva yakawanda vari pabhasikoro kupfuura vari mumotokari. Uye ikoko kufambira mberi chaiko!
Yasvika nguva yekuita chiito! Kuchovha bhasikoro nokukurumidza kuchaenda pasi rose!