Mukati
Inonhuhwirira pilaf, samsa ine muto, shurpa uye yekumwisa-manti - iyi haisi rondedzero izere yezvikafu zvakaita kuti chikafu cheUzbek chive nemukurumbira. Asi ikozvino inozivikanwa zvakare nekutenda kune akakosha mapikicha anoenderana negwayana uye ese marudzi emiriwo. Yakarungwa zvine mutsindo uye yakagadzirirwa maererano netsika dzekugadzirira dzinodzokera kumashure zviuru zvemakore, ivo vanoshamisika uye vanofara. Uye vanomanikidza avo vakambovaravira kuti vadzokere kwavari kakawanda.
Nhoroondo yeUzbek chili
Vatsvakurudzi vanoti chikafu cheUzbekistan, chatinoziva nhasi, chakaumbwa makore 150 apfuura. Yakanga iri panguva iyoyo kuti zvigadzirwa zvakakurumbira zvakatanga kupinda munharaunda yenyika ino, uye vabiki varo vakatanga kudzidzira nzira dzekubika dzakajairika muEurope. Kune rumwe rutivi, ichi chakava chikonzero chekugadzirwa kwezvitsva zvitsva, uye kune rumwe rutivi, zvakasimbisa chete nzvimbo yekubika nenhoroondo refu. Zvakanga zviri pamusoro pavo izvo Avicenna nevamwe vanhu vasina mukurumbira veMiddle Ages vakanyora mumabasa avo.
Zvakangodaro, kuongorora nhoroondo, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti vanhu vakasiyana vaigara munharaunda yeUzbekistan yemazuva ano panguva dzakasiyana. Pakati pavo paive nevarimi vakagara uye vafudzi vanofamba famba. Yakanga iri tsika yavo uye zvavanofarira muma IV-VII mazana emakore. yakateya hwaro hwechizvino-zvino chikafu cheUzbek.
Gare gare, pakupera kwezana ramakore mazana matatu, vanhu vanotaura chiTurkic vakauya munyika dzavo, avo mushure memakore 300, pamwe nevaUzbeks, vakanzwa kuoma kwese kwekukunda kweMongolia.
Muzana ramakore XVI. Nharaunda yeUzbekistan yemazuva ano zvakare yakava nyaya yekukakavara. Panguva ino yakakundwa nemadzvinyiriri - madzinza akasara mushure mekudonha kweGolden Horde. Kusangana nevanhu vemo, vakapedza iyo yakareba maitiro ekuumba vanhu veUuzbek.
Kwenguva yakati, akanga ari wematunhu akasiyana uye makirasi, izvo zvakasarudza tsika dzake uye tsika dzekudya. Zvakare, zvizhinji zvezvaive pamatafura evaUzbek panguva iyoyo zvakabuda zvisingaonekwi nhasi. Uye isu hatisi kutaura chete nezvemiriwo, michero, nyama uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, asiwo nezvezvigadzirwa zveupfu, zvihwitsi, soups.
Kupfupisa zvese zvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti nhoroondo yeUzbek cuisine yakasimba kwazvo. Pese pano neapo, maungira ekare akabatwa mairi, ayo anoratidzwa mune yekubika yemazuva ano eUzbek ndiro. Asi izvi zvinongoita kuti chikafu cheUzbek chinakidze.
Zvinosarudzika maficha eUzbek cuisine
Nekuda kwenzvimbo dzenharaunda uye zviitiko zvekare, tsika dzeAsia dzinotorwa muUzbek chili.
- Gwayana rinoonekwa sechigadzirwa chinozivikanwa kwazvo cheUzbeks, kunyangwe nguva nenguva iri yakaderera kune nyama yemabhiza nemombe. Zvakare, chikamu chenyama mune yega yega ndiro chakakosha. Tongere wega: chinyakare mabikirwo epilaf anoti iwe unofanirwa kushandisa chidimbu chimwe chenyama chikamu chimwe chemupunga.
- Masobho chaiwo akagadzirwa muUzbekistan. Panzvimbo pezviyo zvechivanhu, zvinosanganisira chibage, mung bhinzi (goridhe bhinzi), dzhugara (zviyo), uye mupunga.
- Iko chikafu chenyika ino chakapfuma zvakanyanya mukubheka uye mapeke. Mhando dzese dzemakeke uye koloboks (lochira, katlama, bugirsok, patir, urama, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinosiana kubva kune mumwe chete mukanyiwa wekugadzirira kwavo, pamwe nemanti, samsa (pie), nishalda (analogue halva) , novat, holvaitar nevamwe vazhinji, kwemakumi emakore havasiye vasina hanya nevana vechiUzbek vasina hanya.
- Kushaikwa kwehove muUzbekistan kwakasiyawo mucherechedzo pane chikafu chake. Iko kune angangoita asina hove ndiro dzakabikwa pano.
- Uye zvakare, vagari veko havadi howa, mapuropu uye huku yeakakora. Uye havawanzodya mazai.
- Ivo zvakare vanoshandisa zvakawandisa mafuta, kazhinji kazhinji kota, mahebhu nezvinonhuwira zvakadai kumini, barberry, sesame, kumini, dhiri, basil, coriander.
- Vanodawo mishonga yakabikwa yakaviriswa yakadai se katyk (chinwiwa chinogadzirwa nemukaka wakabikwa), suzma uye kurut (curd mass).
Tsika dzeUzbek chili
Zvinoenderana netsika dzechiIslam muUzbekistan, nguva nenguva, zvinomisikidzwa paodha uye nenguva yekudya. Mune mamwe mazwi, maUzbeks anokurumidza, semuenzaniso, panguva yeRamadan. Ivo zvakare vane pfungwa yechikafu chepamutemo uye chakarambidzwa. Nguruve zvakare ndeyeyekupedzisira.
Chinonyanya kukosha cheUzbek chikafu chitsvene. Chikafu chinobatwa neruremekedzo rukuru pano, uye kugadzirira kwemidziyo yakawanda kwakafukidzwa mungano, umo maUzbeks achiri kutenda. Sumalak muenzaniso unoshamisa weizvi.
Zvinonakidza kuti pachinyakare varume vanobika mumhuri dzeUzbekistan. Mukupedzisira, pane tsananguro yeizvi - chete mumiriri wesimba rakasimba anogona kubika pilaf muhari yeguroni ye100 kg yemupunga.
Nzira dzekutanga dzekubika:
Tinogona kutaura zvachose nezve mabikirwo eUzbek ndiro uye nhoroondo yavo yemazana emakore. Asi kuchenjera kumira pane dzakakurumbira:
Pilaf mupunga uye gwayana dhishi rakagadzirwa nezvinonhuwira uye yakakosha yero karoti kune chero chiitiko, angave emuchato kana mariro. Mune fesheni vhezheni, inogona kuve yakashongedzwa nehukupeas uye mazambiringa akaomeswa. Ichiri kudyiwa pano nemaoko chete.
Sumalak idhishi rakagadzirwa negorosi rakamera, iro rakagadzirirwa zororo reNavruz kutanga kwechirimo. Maitiro ekubika anotora mavhiki maviri. Nguva yose iyi, gorosi rakanyatsosarudzwa, rakanyoroveswa uye rakabikwa nemafuta ekotoni nenzungu, uye ndokuzoshandirwa kuvaenzi nevavakidzani. Nhasi sumalak haisi chiratidzo chebudiriro nerunyararo chete, asi zvakare nzira yekusimudzira hutachiona.
Basma chidya chine hanyanisi nemiriwo.
Dolma - yakakoswa kabichi roll uye mashizha emazambiringa.
Kovurdok - nyama yakakangwa nemiriwo.
Mastava muto wemupunga.
Naryn - yakabikwa bundu nenyama.
Samsa - mapai ane nyama, matapiri kana manhanga, akabikwa muchoto kana tandoor (hovhoni).
Manty - hombe dzakapiswa dumplings.
Chuchvara zvidimbu zvakajairwa.
Shurpa muto wakagadzirwa nenyama nembatatisi.
Ugra - noodles.
Kebab ndeye skewer.
Hasip - nyama yakagadzirirwa uye soseji yemupunga.
Kazy - bhiza nyama soseji.
Yupka - puff pastry keke.
Ayran - curd maseru nechando cubes nemaapuro.
Suzma yakasviba curd mass.
Nishalda ane mhepo ine mhepo uye inoyevedza chena halva.
Parvarda ndeye caramel. Iyo dhishi iripowo mune mamwe ekumabvazuva cuisines.
Inobatsira zvivakwa zveUzbek chili
Uzbek cuisine yakapfuma zvakanyanya kwete mundiro dzenyama chete, asiwo mumasaladhi. Pamusoro pezvo, tsika dzinokudzwa zvinoera pano, vanotsanya, uye vanogara vachidya chikafu chine hutano chakagadzirwa nemhodzi dzegorosi rakamera kana ndiro dzakabikwa. Uyezve, maUzbeks anoda zvigadzirwa zvemukaka wakaviriswa, vachigadzirira marudzi ese ezvikafu zvakazvimirira kubva kwavari. Uye vanoedza munzira dzese kuti vadzivise chikafu chine mafuta akawandisa.
Zvese izvi, neimwe nzira kana imwe, zvinokanganisa hunhu hwehupenyu hwavo, iyo avhareji yenguva iyo yakawedzera nemakore gumi muhafu yekupedzisira yezana ramakore. Nhasi, maererano nechinongedzo ichi, Uzbekistan iri pakati pevatungamiriri vatatu pakati penyika dzeCIS vane chiratidzo chemakore 10. Uye zvakare, pano pane vanhu vanopfuura zviuru gumi nezvishanu, vane makore apfuura makore zana.