Muchitsauko chino, nyaya yatichakurukura ichava nzvimbo dzinofarirwa dzekufamba kwevana uye zviitiko zvinoitika imomo. Chinangwa chekutanga cherwendo rwedu rwekuongorora chichava masiraidhi echando.
Skiing kubva kumakomo itsika yekunakidzwa kwechando yeRussia iyo yakachengetedzwa zvakatsiga muhupenyu hwevana kusvika nhasi, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, yakapotsa yanyangarika senzira yekuvaraidza yevakuru. Kubva muzana kusvika kuzana ramakore, zviitiko zviri pamasiraidhi zvinodhindwa kune chimwe nechimwe chizvarwa chitsva. Vatori vechikamu vavo vanowana yakakosha, munzira dzakawanda - chiitiko chakasarudzika, chakakodzera kutarisisa pachiri. Mushure mezvose, masiraidhi echando ndeimwe yenzvimbo iyo iyo ethno-tsika chaiyo yemaitiro emotokari yevana inoumbwa, yatichataura nezvazvo pakupera kwechitsauko chino.
Sezvineiwo, murume wemazuva ano weRussia, ane hudiki hwakapedzwa munzvimbo dzine chando chaitonhora (uye iyi inenge nharaunda yese yeRussia yemazuva ano), achiri kuziva kuti masiraidhi anofanira kunge akaita sei. Chirevo pamusoro pe "zvakadaro" hachisi netsaona: semuenzaniso, muguta guru retsika reSt. . Nei zvakadaro? Pano, nekugomera, tinogona kutaura kuti izvo zvinokahadzika mabhenefiti ebudiriro ari kutsiva ekare masiraidhi. Nokudaro, ndinoda kutanga netsanangudzo yavo yakadzama, iyo inozobatsira kunzwisisa kuomeswa kwepfungwa kwemaitiro evana pavanenge vachisvetuka kubva kumakomo echando.
Iyo yakasikwa vhezheni yemasiraidhi ndeyechisikigo materu, akareba zvakakwana uye akafukidzwa nesinou kuitira kuti kudzika kwakaringana kuzadzwe nemvura uye kushandurwa kuita mugwagwa une chando uchitenderera uchienda panzvimbo yakati sandara. Kazhinji kazhinji, madzinza akadaro muguta anogadzirwa mumapaki, pamahombekombe emadziva echando nenzizi.
Artificial ice slide anogadzirirwa vana mumayadhi nenzvimbo dzekutamba. Kazhinji izvi zvivakwa zvemapuranga zvine manera uye njanji, chikuva kumusoro uye zvishoma kana kushoma uye kureba kudzika kune rimwe divi, iro riri pedyo nepedyo nepasi pasi. Vakuru vane hanya, nekutanga kwekutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze, zadza iyi kudzika nemvura kuitira kuti mugwagwa wakareba uye wakapamhama wechando utambanuke kubva pairi kunyange uchienda pasi. Muridzi akanaka anogara achiita shuwa kuti pamusoro pekudzika hakuna makomba uye akazadzwa zvakaenzana, pasina mhanza pamusoro pechando.
Kutsvedzerera kwekuchinja kubva pakudzika kusvika pasi kunofanirawo kuongororwa. Vanovavarira kuita mupumburu wechando pamusoro pawo wakatsetseka uye wakareba. Kuzadza siraidhi yeaizi nemazvo ihunyanzvi: zvinoda hunyanzvi, hunyanzvi, uye kutarisira vanhu vanoichovha.
Kuti tione maitiro evana pamakomo echando nechando, zvakanakisisa kuti tiende neSvondo kune imwe yemapaki eSt. Petersburg, somuenzaniso, kuTaurida. Imomo tichawana akati wandei anokodzera materu - akanyanya kukwirisa, ari pakati nepakati, ane sinou yakazara uye akanyatsozadzwa neaizi materu ane marefu uye akafara anotinhira kumagumo. Kunogara kubatikana ikoko. Vana vevanhurume nevanhukadzi vakasiyana, vemazera akasiyana, vemavara akasiyana: vamwe vari paskis, vamwe vane masireyi (vari pamateru ane chando), asi kupfuura zvese — netsoka dzavo mbiri kana neplywood, kadhibhodhi, mamwe machira ekuenda. pasi pamasana avo - ava vanovavarira chikomo chechando. Vaperekedzi vakuru vanowanzomira mugomo, kuchitonhora, uye vana vanonyahwaira vachikwidza nokudzika, uye kunopisa.
Chikomo pachacho chiri nyore uye hachichinji, chakafanana kune wese: mugwagwa wechando, wakadzika uchidzika, unopararira pamberi pevose vanouda - unongokoka chete. Iwe unogona kukurumidza kudzidza zvimiro zvesiraidhi: kana watama pasi kakati wandei, munhu anokwanisa kuzvinzwa zvakanaka. Zviitiko zvese pachikomo zvakare zvinoenderana nevanotasva ivo pachavo. Vabereki vanobatanidzwa zvishoma mukuita uku. Zviitiko zvinogadzirwa nevana maererano nezvinodiwa uye zvido zvavo, izvo zvinoshamisa munhu mumwe nomumwe, pasinei nokuti kunze munhu wose ari kuita chinhu chimwe chete. Urongwa hwezviito hwakafanana kune wese munhu: mushure mekumirira nguva yavo (kune vanhu vazhinji, uye pane nguva dzose munhu anenge atova pamusoro pekutanga kwekudzika), mwana anotonhora kwekanguva, obva atsvedza pasi. neimwe nzira, kuedza kusvika kumagumo echando kutinhira, kutendeuka uye kunyanya kukurumidza kunotanga kukwira chikomo zvakare. Zvose izvi zvinodzokororwa kakawanda, asi chido chevana hachidzike. Chiitiko chikuru chekufarira kumwana ndiwo mabasa aanoisa iye, uye nzira dzaakagadzira kuti dziitwe. Asi mukati megadziriro yemabasa aya, mwana anogara achifunga nezvezvikamu zviviri zvinogara zvichiitika: kutsvedza kwepamusoro uye kukurumidza kwekudzika.
Kudzika gomo rine chando kunogara kuchitsvedza, ungave netsoka dzako kana negako rako. Kubhururuka kunopa chiitiko chakakosha chekusangana kwakananga kwemuviri nevhu, kwete sekunzwa kwakajairika pakufamba, kumira uye kugara. Munhu ari kutsvedza mumugwagwa une chando une materu anonzwa kuchinja kuduku-duku kwenzvimbo, makomba asingakoshi nemapundu nechikamu ichocho chomuviri wake chakanangana nevhu (tsoka, musana, musana). Inoungira muviri wose, ichitarisa kugadzikana kwayo uye kuita kuti munhu anzwe kuwanda kwezvibatanidza zvemuviri uye chimiro chakaoma chehupfumi hwedu hwose hwemuviri. Kuburuka kubva mugomo rechando patsoka, kumashure, kumashure nguva dzose yakananga, yakanyatsonzwikwa nemunhu, yakawedzerwa munguva yekubatana kwemuviri wake nenyama yenyika - kutsigira kusingaperi kwezvinhu zvose zvinofamba.
Zviitiko zvakadaro zvakanga zvakajeka zvikuru uye zvinokosha munguva yapakuvamba youpenyu, apo mwana akanga achingodzidza kukambaira, kumira, uye kufamba. Vanowanzova vakagomara gare gare muupenyu sekugara, kumira, uye kufamba zvinova zvoga uye pasina kudzora ndangariro. Zvisinei, kuderera kwekuziva hakuderedzi zvinorehwa zvakadzama zvekusangana kwakazara kwemuviri wedu nepasi pasi petsoka dzedu. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa mune psychotherapeutic tsika kuti kunaka kwekusangana uku kunosarudza "kudzika" kwemunhu muchokwadi: kuchinjika kwesimba kwakajairwa nenharaunda, kumira kwakaringana uye kufamba, asi chinonyanya kukosha, "midzi" yemunhu muhupenyu, kuzvimiririra kwake, simba renheyo yaanotsamira pairi. hunhu. Pamusoro pazvo, hazvisi zvetsaona kuti ivo vanoti: “Ane ivhu pasi petsoka dzake!” Zvinoitika kuti kutaura uku kunofanira kunzwisiswa kwete chete nenzira yekufananidzira, asiwo mupfungwa chaiyo yezwi. Vanhu vane matambudziko akakomba ehunhu ane chekuita nekusaonana havatsike pasi netsoka yavo yese. Semuenzaniso, vane katsika kekusaziva kwekuchinja uremu hwemuviri wavo pazvigunwe zvavo uye kusazembera zvakanaka pazvitsitsinho zvavo. Nokudaro, muhutano hwepfungwa hunotungamirirwa nemuviri, nzira dzakawanda dzinoshanda dzakagadzirwa kuti dzigadzirise hukama pakati pemunhu nenyika kuburikidza nekurarama - uye kuziva kwekubatana kwemuviri wemunhu nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvitsigiro, uye pamusoro pezvose nepasi pasi petsoka.
Panyaya iyi, kufamba pasi nechando slide imhando yakakodzera yekudzidziswa kwechisikigo iyo inosimbisa zvakakwana makumbo ezasi mumuviri uye inobatsira munhu kunzwa gamut yezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pekuti ungagara sei pamakumbo ehupenyu. Zvirokwazvo, haugoni kuburuka mugomo nezvigunwe. Pazasi isu tichafunga izvi nemienzaniso mhenyu. Uye zvino, kupedzisa psycho-physiological picture, inofanira kuwedzerwa kuti kutasva kubva kumakomo echando pamakumbo ndiko kudzivirira kuderera mumutumbi wezasi, nokuti munyaya iyi, kusunungurwa kwesimba kwesimba kuburikidza nemakumbo kunoitika. Kune vanhu vemazuva ano, izvi zvakakosha zvikuru nekuda kwekugara nguva dzose, kusaita, uye kuderera kwekufamba kwezwi. (Concretizing pfungwa, tinogona kutaura kuti uku ndiko kudzivirira ovarian cysts uye uterine fibroids muvakadzi uye prostate adenomas muvarume. Sezvaunoziva, nguva yedu inoratidzirwa nekuwedzera kwakanyanya kwezvirwere izvi.)
Vana vanoshandisa nzira nhatu dzakakosha dzekutsvedza pasi pasiraidhi yeaizi, inoenderana nekuwedzera madhigirii ekukwana. Iyo yakapfava (iyi ndiyo nzira iyo vadiki vanokwira nayo) iri kumashure, yechipiri, yekuchinja, iri squatting (iyi yatova patsoka dzayo, asi ichiri munzvimbo yakaderera kuitira kuti irege kudonha kumusoro) uye yechitatu, inoenderana. kukirasi yepamusoro, iri patsoka dzayo, sezvavanofanira kukwanisa kuvadzidzi vadiki. Chaizvoizvo, kuti uende pasi pechikomo netsoka dzako - izvi, mukunzwisisa kwevana, kuti uende pasi payo zvechokwadi. Mukati menzira nhatu idzi, pane misiyano yakawanda inogona kuonekwa mukuita kwevana vakatasva pasiraidhi.
Heuno mwana ane makore mana kana mashanu. Ari kutotsveta pasi pasina rubatsiro rwaamai vake. Vana vane makore matatu nemana ava vanowanzobatsirwa naamai kuti vagare zvakaenzanirana pameti uye vanosaidzirwa zvinyoronyoro kubva kumusoro kuenda kumashure kuti vatange kufamba. Uyu anoita zvese ega. Anotsvedza nechekumusana chaiko, haana zvokuvata, asi maoko ake ari kubatikana. Achikwira mugomo, anonyatso takura mumaoko ake nhindi huru yechando chakaoma nechando. Akamirira kudzoka kwake kumusoro, mwana anogara pasi paaizi nekufungisisa, anotarisa-tarisa, achitsikirira chando padumbu rake, anounganidza ushingi hwake uye ... anorega chando ichidzika pamberi pake. Kuona chidimbu chinofamba, chichimugadzirira nzira uye chichimudana, chinonyaradza mwana. Anosuduruka achibva abuda panze. Pazasi, anotora mumwe wake uye anomhanya nechidimbu, akagutsikana, kumusoro, uko zvese zvinodzokororwa nenzira zvakare.
Sezvatinoona, mwana uyu ndiye "mutangi". Iye anorarama iyo iyo pfungwa yekuzvidzikira: sei kukunguruka? Zvakamira sei kwauri? Muenzaniso wemakomuredhi akura hausi kukurudzira zvakakwana - ivo vakasiyana. Mwana anonzwa kusurukirwa uye anoda muenzaniso wemaitiro akajeka kwaari. Chidimbu chechando chechando, icho mwana akaunza uye akachikanda pasi pamberi pake, chinotamba chikamu chechikamu chakavharwa che "I" chemwana pachake, uye kufamba kwayo kunogadza muenzaniso wezviito kwaari. Kana mwana mukuru, agadzirira kuburuka, achifunga mupfungwa dzake kuti achafamba sei pasi, ipapo mudiki wacho anoda kuzviona nemaziso ake, achishandisa muenzaniso wekufamba kwechinhu chaaine kubatana kwemukati. sekuti “uyu ndewangu”.
Vana vane makore manomwe kana masere ezera vanotsetsenura muunyanzvi hwokutasva kumusana kwavo. Vanoziva chekuisa pasi pavo kuitira kuti pave ne glide yakanaka: vanoda plywood, zvimedu zvekadhibhodhi gobvu, asi vanokoshesawo mukana wekubuda kunze, vakagara pane chimwe chinhu chinonakidza (bhodhoro bhokisi, bheseni, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinokanganisa basa uye zvinoshandura kudzika kuita mutambo. Vana vane ruzivo vanonyatsoziva mamiriro acho ezvinhu: vanoziva kusundira kure nesimba kumusoro, kuwana kukurumidza kukuru panguva yekudzika, uye kudzika kusvika kure. Vanogona kana ipapo kana kukurumidza kusimuka, vachitora mibhedha yavo uye vachipa nzira kuvana vachimhanya vachivatevera, kana vanogona kurara pasi zvinoyevedza pazasi kuti vagadzirise nguva yekupedzisira yekudzika uye kunakidzwa nenzvimbo yekuzorora zvizere.
Vana vanotsvedza nemanhede vanonzwa vakachengeteka - havana pokuwira. Vanonakidzwa nekunzwa kwemuviri kwekusangana nepamusoro peaizi, kutsvedza uye kumhanya, uye vanotoedza kurodza manzwiro aya. Semuenzaniso, vanowedzera nzvimbo yekubatana kwemuviri pavanoumburuka padumbu, kumusana kwavo maoko nemakumbo zvakatambanudzwa, kana kuronga "boka-ne-diki" pazasi nevamwe vana, uye ipapo. vanoramba vachiumburuka muchando, vatosiya nzira ine chando.
Mwana anoita zvese kuitira kuti awedzere kupemha manzwiro emiganhu yemuviri wake, kuti ararame kuvepo kwake mumuviri wake, anzwe kukosha-muviri wake uye - kufara mune izvi. Chiitiko chekuvimbika kwe "Ini" nguva dzose inozadza munhu nesimba uye mufaro. Hazvisi pasina kuti munhu mukuru anogara achirohwa nehupenyu hunokosha hunoita kuti vana vasvetuke pasi uye zvakare kumhanyira kukwira gomo.
Pano zvingava zvakakodzera kuyeuka kuti mutsika dzevanhu vokuRussia, kukunguruka pasi gomo kwagara kwakabatana nepfungwa yekuwana uye kukurumidza kuyerera kwemasimba anokosha mumunhu uye munyika yaanosangana nayo. Nokudaro, panguva yezororo rekarenda yechando, vanhu vemazera ose vakaedza kuburuka mugomo. Vana vaida simba rinokurumidza kuti vakure, vachangobva kuchata kuti vatange upenyu pamwe chete zvinobudirira, uye vanhu vakwegura kuti uenderere mberi. Zvaitendwa kuti kana murume akwegura aibva mugomo paMaslenitsa, aizorarama kusvikira Isita inotevera.
Muchivanhu chetsika, zvaikakavadzana kuti kukunguruka kwevanhu kubva mumakomo kunewo simba rekusimudzira pasi - rainzi "kumuka kwenyika": vanhu vanokunguruka vanomumutsa, vanomutsa mukati make izvo zvinopa upenyu. simba rechirimo chiri kuuya.
Pazera remakore manomwe kana masere, mwana anodzidza kutsvedza pasi gomo rine chando netsoka dzake, uye pazera remakore mapfumbamwe kana gumi anowanzoziva maitirwo akanaka - anokwanisa kuburuka mumakomo "akaoma", akareba. , nekudzika kwenguva refu kusina kuenzana.
Kuziva hunyanzvi uhu, mwana anogadzirisa huwandu hwese hwemotokari mabasa uye anoenderera mberi nekudzidza, pamwe nekuita muviri uye nepfungwa kushanda kunze kwemuviri wake. Kudiwa kwekugara pamakumbo kunovandudza springiness yavo, iyo inowanikwa nekuda kwekufamba kwemajoini uye basa rinopindirana rekinematic cheni: zvigunwe - zvitsitsinho - mabvi - pelvis - musana. Kugona kuchengetedza chiyero kunotarwa nekubatana kwekunzwa kwemasuru nebasa reiyo vestibular apparatus uye kuona.
Zvakare - pagomo rechando pane kudzidziswa kwechisikigo kwezvinodiwa mumamiriro mazhinji ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Mushure mezvose, zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza kugadzikana uye kuenzanisa kwose kwose.
Kucherechedza vana, munhu anogona kuona kuti mwana mumwe nomumwe anotasva nenzira inoenderana nemuganhu wezvaanokwanisa, asi haapfuuri. Mwana anoda kuratidza huwandu hwezvaakawana, asi panguva imwe chete usakuvara. Kazhinji, vana vakakwana vane pfungwa yakanaka yemiganhu yavo. Neurotic uye psychopathic vana vanonzwa zvakanyanya: ivo vanonyanya kunyara, kana, zvakasiyana, havana pfungwa yengozi.
Pane slide, kukwanisa kwemwana kuzvigadzirira mamwe mabasa matsva uye nekudaro kuita mupiro wenguva dzose mukupfumisa mamiriro acho kunoratidzwa zvakajeka. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo mwana anowedzera kutaurirana kwake nechinhu chemutambo (munyaya yedu, ane slide) uye anoishandura kuva chitubu chekusimudzira. Vana vanowanzoda matoyi asina nzira yakanyatsotsanangurwa yekuishandisa: shanduri uye chero zvinhu zvine nhamba huru yemadhigirii erusununguko - zvese zvinobvumira kuita kwakawanda "pachavo", pakufunga kwemushandisi.
Kana vana vakanyanya kugona hunyanzvi hwekudzika pasi peaizi mune imwe yenzira dzatsanangurwa pamusoro, kutsvaga kwavo kwekugadzira kunowanzouya kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemaitiro uye nekuwedzera nzira dzekudzika.
Somuenzaniso, mwana anofamba zvakanaka pamusana. Zvingangodaro, anozoedza kudzidza kumhanyisa pakutanga kwekudzika, edza zvese zvaanogona kugara kuitira kuti abudise kunze uye achiumburuka nepaanogona napo, oongorora mikana yekuwedzera kutenderera kutenderedza "chishanu pfungwa. ", paanenge atove achikunguruka nekumhanya kunononoka pane imwe nzira yechando pasi, nezvimwewo. Zvichava zvinonakidza kwaari kuti atsvedze pasi padumbu rake, pamusana wake, agere kumashure, izvo vana vanowanzotya, " nechitima" - achimbundira mwana akagara pamberi pake ("Tiri kuenda kupi?"), Pabhokisi repurasitiki rebhodhoro, sepachigaro cheumambo, nezvimwewo P.
Kana mwana akasatya kutamira kune imwe nhanho yeskiing uye kuyedza squat kana netsoka dzake, ipapo angangomira pane dzimwe dzenzira dzinonakidza dzekuti adzike uye apinde mumutambo: paanenge akatasva, achaita. zvifungidzire ari mune rimwe basa uye achirarama zviitiko zvatove zvisingaonekwi nemucherechedzi wekunze.
Kunyangwe dzimwe nguva izvi zviitiko zvekufungidzira zvinogonawo kuburitswa nemaitiro ekunze emwana. Pano, pedyo nekutsvedza kweaizi, mukomana muhombe ari pachireyi ari kutsvedza achidzika nemateru ane sinou. Ane makore gumi nematatu, uye iye, semudiki, anokunguruka pasi pachireyi kakawanda, uyezve nekudzikamisa uye nemufaro anokwira kumusoro, uye zvese zvinotanga zvakare. Sei asina kufinhwa? Pamusoro pazvo, basa iri riri nyore harisi rezera rake! Tichitarisa zvakanyanya pazviito zvake, tinoona kuti iye, zvinobuda, haasi kutasva sled.
Mukomana ane vhudzi rakasviba, ane maziso maduku, anotaridzika seTatar. Anogara pachireyi chake, achizendamira kumashure, achinyatsozorora makumbo ake akatambanudzwa, hafu-yakakotama pabhende remberi revanomhanya, mumaoko ake mune tambo refu, iyo migumo yose yakasungirirwa kumberi kwechireyi. Anotsvedza achidzika nemateru ane sinou yakakwirira. Zviitiko zvikuru zvinotanga kwaari panguva iyo sled inotora kukurumidza. Ipapo chiso chemukomana chinoshanduka, maziso ake akapfupika, makumbo ake anozorora zvakanyanya kutenderera kwepamberi kwevamhanyi, senge mustirrups, anozendamira kumashure zvakanyanya: ruoko rwake rweruboshwe, kudzvanya pakati petambo mbiri muchibhakera, anodhonza. iyo yakasimba, semareni, uye ruoko rwake rworudyi, ruchibvuta chishwe chirefu chetambo imwe chete ichibuda kunze kwechibhakera chekuruboshwe, ichichitenderedza zvine mutsindo mukutenderera, sokunge chiri kumonyoroka uye kuridza muridzo netyava, ichikurudzira bhiza rake. Uyu haasi mukomana ari kukwira gomo ari pachireyi, asi mutasvi wemawere ari kumhanya zvikuru achiona chimwe chinhu chiri mberi. Kwaari, zvese zviri zviviri slide uye sled inzira. Siraidhi inodiwa kuti upe pfungwa yekumhanya, uye chireyi chinodiwa kutakura chimwe chinhu. Chinhu chimwe chete chinoumba izvo zvinokurumidza zvemutambo chiitiko chemukomana anomhanyira mberi.
Munhu wese anotasva akazvimirira - iyi inyaya yega, inonangidzira pfungwa dzemwana pane yake yemuviri uye nezvaakasangana nazvo. Asi mamiriro echikomo, hongu, ndeyemagariro, sezvo nzanga yevana yakaungana ipapo. Hazvina mhosva kuti vana vangave vatorwa zvachose uye vasingataudzani. Kutaura idi, vanocherekedza vamwe, vanozvienzanisa vamene navo, vanogamuchira miitiro yomufambiro, uye kunyange kushamisira pamberi pomumwe nomumwe. Kuvapo kwevezera kunomutsa mumwana chido chekuonekwa pamberi pevanhu nenzira yakanakisisa, sezvavanotaura, kupa chigadzirwa nechiso chayo, uye naizvozvo kumukurudzira kutsvaga kutsvaga.
Pachikomo iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakapfuma rwekushamwaridzana. Sezvo vanhu vevana vari pairi vari vemhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro akasiyana, unogona kuona maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekuita ikoko uye utore chimwe chinhu iwe pachako. Vana vanodzidza kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mukubwaira kweziso. Kutsanangura maitiro aya, izwi revakuru rekuti "kukopa" rinoita sekunge rakarerekera-risimbe. Izwi revana rekuti "kunanzva" - zvakanyanya kuburitsa dhigirii repedyo rekusangana kwepfungwa uye kuzivikanwa kwemukati kwemwana nemuenzaniso waakasarudza kutevera. Kazhinji mwana haatori maitiro ekuita chete, asiwo maitiro erutivi rwemaitiro - zviso zvechiso, zviratidzo, kuchema, nezvimwewo. Saka, pfuma yekutanga yemagariro inogona kuitwa pane slide ndiko kuwedzera kwe repertoire yemaitiro.
Chechipiri ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu nemitemo yehostele. Kudikanwa kwavo kunotsanangurwa nemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Kune vana vakawanda, uye kazhinji pane imwe kana maviri materu echando. Pane dambudziko rekutevedzana. Kana iwe usingafungi nezvezera, kufamba, dexterity yevana vakatasva mberi uye shure, ipapo kuwira uye kukuvadzwa kunogoneka - saka, pane dambudziko rekuchengetedza kure uye kutaridzika kwakawanda munzvimbo yemamiriro ezvinhu. Hapana anonyatso taura maitiro ehunhu - ivo vanofananidzwa naivo, kuburikidza nekuteedzera kwevakuru vadiki, uye zvakare nekuti iyo yekuzvichengetedza yekuzvichengetedza inovhurwa. Kusawirirana hakuwanzoitiki. Pane slide, unogona kuona zvakajeka kuti mwana anodzidza sei kugovera maitiro ake munzvimbo yemamiriro ezvinhu, kuenzanisa chinhambwe uye kukurumidza kwekufamba kwevatori vechikamu uye yake.
Yechitatu yekuwana magariro paunenge uchikwira kudzika ndiyo mikana yakakosha yekutaurirana zvakananga (kusanganisira muviri) nevamwe vana. Mucherechedzi mukuru anogona kuona zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana uye nzira dzekutanga hukama pakati pevana pasiraidhi.
Vamwe vana vanogara vachichovha vari voga uye vanodzivisa kuonana nevamwe. Zvavatyaira vachidzika gomo, vanoedza kubuda munzira yeavo vanoumburuka vachivatevera nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Uye zvakare kune vana vanoshuva kusangana kweganda-kune-ganda: havanetseki kugadzira "murwi-uye-diki" zvishoma pamagumo emateru kudzika gomo, uko vana vanofamba nekumhanya kwakasiyana dzimwe nguva vanorovera mune imwe neimwe. zvimwe. Zvinovapa mafaro pakupera kwekumhanya kumutsa kudhumhana kana kudonha kwekubatana kwemumwe kana vaviri vamwe vanhu, kuitira kuti gare gare ivo vagone tinker, kubuda murwi wakawanda. Iyi inzira yehudiki yekugutsa kudiwa kwekusangana nevamwe vanhu kuburikidza nekubatana kwemuviri kwakananga. Zvinonakidza kuti pane slide inowanzoshandiswa nevana vezera rakanaka, avo nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero havagoni kuwana dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa hukama hwehukama nevezera ravo, uyewo vanotambura nekushayikwa kwekubatana kwemuviri nevabereki vavo zvakakosha kune vana. .
Imwe shanduro yakakura yekukurukurirana kwemuviri kwevana ndeyokuti vanobvumirana kukwira pamwe chete, vachibata mumwe nomumwe se "chitima". Vanozviita vaviri vaviri, vatatu, vana, vachikurudzira vamwe vavo kuti vaedze nzira dzakasiyana dzeskating. Nokudaro, vana vanowana zvakasiyana-siyana zvemotokari uye ruzivo rwekukurukurirana, pamwe chete nekusunungurwa kwemanzwiro akanaka pavanenge vachizhamba, kuseka, kudanidzira pamwe chete.
Mwana mukuru uye munzanga ane ushingi, zvinowanzoita kuti pachando slide haazozviedzi chete, asiwo anoenderera mberi kune zvidzidzo zviduku zvemagariro evanhu. Mukuyaruka, imwe yemisoro inoyedza kwazvo yezviyedzo zvakadaro ndeyekuongorora nzira dzekuvaka hukama nevamwe vana uye nekukanganisa maitiro avo: maitiro ekutora pfungwa dzavo, kuita kuti vazviremekedze, sanganisira mukufamba kwezviito zvavo, uye kunyangwe maitiro ekuita. shandisa vamwe. Zvose izvi zvinoitwa nokungwarira. Kazhinji vanhu vevana vanocherechedza mutemo wekutanga wesiraidhi: kwira iwe uye rega vamwe vakwire. Havadi vatyairi vane hushingi uye vanochengeta chinhambwe chakananga kwavari.
Kazhinji vana vanoedza nekugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu eboka akaoma (izvi zvinowanzoitwa maererano nevanozivana navo) kana kuronga kuzununguka kwemanzwiro kune vamwe. Basa rezvidzidzo zvebvunzo nderekuramba uri wega uye kuzviriritira.
Pano, mwana anomira akatarisira kumucheto kwechikomo chechando pakati pemawere echando uye anotarisa vana vachitsvedza pasi. Shamwari yake painotyaira, mwana anobva angosvetuka kubva parutivi onamatira paari. Zvichienderana nekugadzikana kweshamwari, vana vanogona kuwira pamwe chete, kana wechipiri anokwanisa kuzvibatanidza kune wekutanga, uye vanosimuka nekukunguruka se "chitima" kusvika kumagumo.
Heuno mukomana ane makore angangoita gumi namaviri, uyo nounyanzvi, nokuchimbidza, anotasva netsoka dzake, akaridza mhere, achimhanya achikwira mugomo. Akashamisika zvikuru kuti mwana wemakore mapfumbamwe, achiumburuka mberi, akangoerekana adonha kubva mukuchema uku. Ipapo mukomana ane makore gumi namaviri okukura achifarira akatanga kutarisa chiitiko ichi kakawanda, uye zvechokwadi: paunongoridza muridzo zvine ruzha kana kuridza muridzo kumashure kwevana vanononoka uye vasina kugadzikana vanofamba vachidzika gomo netsoka dzavo, ivo. pakarepo vanorasikirwa nedzikamo yavo uye vanotanga kudzedzereka, kana kutodonha, sokunge kubva mukuridza muridzo weNightingale Gororo.
Kazhinji, pachikomo munhu anoonekwa nekungotarisa. Kutasva, anoratidza maitiro ake ega: chiyero chebasa, unyanzvi, kuzvivimba. Chiyero chezvaanotaura, kutya kwehunhu uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinooneka zvakajeka. Hazvisi pasina kuti mutsika dzevanhu vemunharaunda kusvetuka kubva kumakomo pazororo rechando kwagara kuri nyaya yekucherechedza, makuhwa, uye makuhwa evanhu vemusha varipo. Kubva pane zvakaonekwa izvi, kunyange kufanotaura kwakaitwa maererano neramangwana revanofamba muchikepe, kunyanya kana vakanga vachangobva kuchata: ani naani anotanga kuwa ndiye aizotanga kufa. Kana vakawira pamwe chete kune rumwe rutivi, ivo vachava pamwe chete mumatambudziko ehupenyu. Vakaputsika pamativi akasiyana echando track - saka ivo vanozoita munzira yehupenyu.
Nokudaro, apo mwana ari kutasva, mubereki anogonawo kwete kungofinhwa uye kutonhora, asiwo tarisa brainchild yavo nekubatsirwa. Iyo slide inonyatsoratidza matambudziko emuviri evana: kusagadzikana, kusarongeka kwakashata kwekufamba, kusagadzikana nekuda kwekusakwana kwekubata kwetsoka nevhu, kusakura kwemakumbo, uye kukwira kumusoro pakati pesimba rinokwevera muviri. Ikoko zviri nyore kuongorora huwandu hwekukura kwemuviri wemwana mukuenzanisa nevamwe vana vezera rake. Zvinoshamisa kuti matambudziko ese aya anogona kunyatsogadziriswa uye muchidimbu akararama chaizvo pane ice slide, iyo, kubva pamaonero epfungwa, inzvimbo yakasarudzika yekuziva uye kukura kwemuviri wemwana "I" mumamiriro echisikigo. Panyaya iyi, hapana chidzidzo chechikoro chekudzidzira muviri chinogona kukwikwidzana nemasiraidhi. Zvechokwadi, mukirasi hapana anoteerera kune mumwe munhu matambudziko epfungwa uye emuviri wevana, kunyanya sezvo mudzidzisi asingapindi zvakadzama mukujekesa zvikonzero zvavo zvemukati. Kazhinji kacho, zvikonzero izvi zvakadzika muhuduku hwepakutanga hwemwana, apo kuumbwa kwechimiro chemuviri kwakaitika, ipapo - zvirongwa zvemuviri uye hurongwa hwekugadzirisa pfungwa dzekufamba. Kuti tinzwisise uye kubvisa kukanganisa kwakamuka mukugadzirisa kwemuviri «Ini» yemudzidzi, mudzidzisi anofanira kunge ane ruzivo rwepfungwa, izvo vadzidzisi vedu vari kushaya zvakanyanya. Iwe zvakare unoda chirongwa chepfungwa chedzidzo yemuviri. Sezvo izvi zvisiri izvo, mudzidzisi wechikoro anopa mabasa mamwe chete kumunhu wese mukuwirirana nehurongwa husina humunhu hwebudiriro yedzidzo yemuviri.
Asi panguva yekufamba kwakasununguka munzvimbo yechisikigo-yenzvimbo, kunyanya pane ice slide, vana ivo pachavo vanozvigadzirira mabasa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekukurumidzira zvekukura kwavo kwemuviri uye kwemunhu. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinogona kusapindirana zvachose nepfungwa dzemudzidzisi pamusoro pezvinobatsira uye zvinodiwa kumwana.
Kune huwandu hwese hwematambudziko evana ane chekuita nekukura kwemuviri «Ini» uye kushamwaridzana kwemuviri, izvo zvisingazivikanwe nevakuru. Chaizvoizvo, kunobva matambudziko mazhinji erudzi urwu kazhinji kukanganisa muhukama hwevabereki nemwana wavo. Vakuru kwete chete havagoni kumubatsira kutsungirira matambudziko aya, asi kutotanga kutambudza mwana paanoedza kuzviita nenzira dzake, zvinogumbura uye zvisinganzwisisiki kumunhu mukuru.
Semuenzaniso, vamwe vana vanofarira kukunguruka pasi, pauswa, pachando - pasi pechikonzero chipi nechipi uye kunyange pasina. (Tatozviona izvi mumaitiro evamwe vana mugomo) Asi izvi hazvina hunhu, nekuda kweizvi vanotsiura izvi hazvitenderwi, kunyanya kana mwana atova muhombe achienda kuchikoro. Kunyange zvazvo zvishuvo zvakadaro zvingawanwa mupwere. Sei? Vanobva kupi?
Kuumburuka kunoshanda (nekukunguruka, kutendeuka kubva kumashure kuenda kudumbu, zvichingodaro) kunopa kusimba kwekunzwa kwekubata uye kudzvanywa panzvimbo huru dzezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri. Izvi zvinorodza kupenya kwechiitiko chemiganhu yemuviri uye kuvapo kunobatika kwezvikamu zvayo zvega, ruzivo rwekubatana kwayo uye kuwanda.
Muneurophysiological mazwi, kunzwa kwakadaro kunosanganisira yakakosha yakaoma yezvakadzika uropi zvimiro (thalamo-pallidar).
Inopa kudzora kwekufamba kwakavakirwa muscular (kinesthetic) sensations mukati meiyo coordination system yemuviri wako, kana chinhu chikuru kumunhu kuzvinzwa iye, uye kwete nyika yakamutenderedza, kana mota yake ichiitika mukati memiganhu yake. kufamba kwemuviri uye haina kunangana kune chero zvinhu kunze.
Mukutaura kwepfungwa, kubhururuka kwakadaro kunopa kudzoka kune iwe pachako, kushamwaridzana iwe pachako, kubatana kwemuviri nemweya: shure kwezvose, kana munhu achifamba asina udyire, pfungwa dzake uye manzwiro ake haasi akabatikana pane chimwe chinhu kunze kwekunzwa iye pachake.
Sei mwana achitsvaga nyika dzakadaro? Chikonzero chinogona kuva zvose zviri zviviri mamiriro uye kwenguva refu.
Chido chekurara pasi kazhinji chinomuka mumwana paanenge akaneta mupfungwa - kubva pakudzidza, kubva pakukurukurirana, uye haasati aziva dzimwe nzira dzekushandura kuzorora. Ipapo mwana anoda kutariswa kwake, kwakambotorwa kunze uye kutariswa kwenguva yakareba pazvinhu zvekunze: pamabasa akaiswa nemudzidzisi, pamashoko nezviito zvevanhu vakamupoteredza, kudzoka kumashure, mukati menzvimbo yemuviri I. .Izvi zvinoita kuti mwana adzokere kwaari uye azorore kubva munyika, achivanda mumusha wake wemuviri, semollusk iri mudemhe. Saka, semuenzaniso, kune vana vanoda kurara pasi mushure mekudzidza mukireshi kana kunyange mushure mekudzidza panguva yekuzorora kwechikoro.
Muvanhu vakuru, analogue yehutsika yechishuvo chemwana chekurara pasi chichava chido chekurara pasi, kufamba neusimbe, nemeso akavharwa, mumvura inonhuwira yekugeza inodziya.
Chikonzero chenguva refu, chinopfuurira chinoita kuti vamwe vana vade kudzungaira idambudziko rehuduku ringaramba richiripo kusvika mukukwegura. Uku ndiko kushaikwa kwehuwandu hwekubata kwakakosha kumwana uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutaurirana kwemuviri naamai, pamwe nekusakwana kwekurarama kuburikidza nematanho ekutanga ekukura kwemota. Nekuda kweizvi, mwana anoramba aine chido chemucheche kakawanda kuti agamuchire manzwiro makuru ekubata uye kumanikidzwa, kurarama mamiriro ekubatana kwemuviri wake nechimwe chinhu. Ngakuve kusangana kwepamuviri - kwete naamai vanorova, vanombundira, vakabata mumaoko avo, asi nepasi, nevhu. Zvakakosha kumwana kuti kuburikidza nekubatana uku anonzwa muviri kuti aripo - "Ndini."
Mwana akura ane nzira shomanene dzinogamuchirika munzanga dzokuwana ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwepfungwa rwaakanga asina muuduku hwapakuvamba pasina kukonzera kutsoropodzwa kunobva kuvakuru. Imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa dzezvinangwa izvi ndeye ice slide. Pano iwe unogona kugara uchitsvaga kunze kwekukurudzira kwezviito zvako uye kuzadzisa zvishuwo zvako zvakavanzika nenzira yepamutemo zvachose, pasinei nezera.
Heino, semuenzaniso, iyo wechidiki murefu, asinganetsi, anowanzo kugumburwa anogadzirisa dambudziko iri pagomo rechando. Anogara achipusa, pasi pechikonzero ichi anowira pasi uye somugumisiro anobuda akarara pasi. Muchokwadi, pazvishoma, asi anoziva nzira yekutsvedza pasi pechikomo netsoka dzake, izvo zvaakatoratidza pakutanga. Zviri pachena zvakare kuti mukomana haasi kungotya kudonha. Paanenge achidzika akarara pasi, zviri pachena kuti anofarira kunzwa musana wake, matako, muviri wose wose - anoedza kuzviparadzira zvakanyanya, achitsvaga zvakanyanya kushamwaridzana kwemuviri sezvinobvira nepamusoro pechando chechando. Pazasi, anoomesa nechando kwenguva yakareba, achirarama iyi mamiriro, obva asimuka achizeza, uye ... zvese zvinodzokorora zvakare.
Imwe nzira yakakura uye yakaoma yetsanangudzo yevana yenyaya yekuziva kwemuviri "Ini", asi yatova mumamiriro ezvinhu emagariro, ndiyo "murwi-diki" inozivikanwa kwatiri. Vana vanowanzozvironga pakupera kwekudzika kubva pachikomo. Tichinyatsotarisisa, tichaona kuti "murwi-mudiki" uri kure nekuve nyore sezvaungaita. Iri harisi danhiko remiviri yevana. Vana havana kungodhumhana uye vakangoerekana vawira pamusoro peumwe neumwe. Ivo (zvichida vamwe vavo) vakatsamwisa murwi uyu uye vanoramba vachiita mumweya mumwe: kubva pasi pemiviri yevamwe vana, mwana anowira zvakare nemaune pamusoro pavo, uye izvi zvinogona kudzokororwa kakawanda. Zvechii?
Mu "murwi-muduku" muviri wemwana hausisiri kupindirana neinert surface yepasi, asi nehupenyu, miviri inoshanda yevamwe vana - hondo, leggy, guru-headed. Vanozendamira, vanosaidzira, vanorwa, vanotutirana kubva kumativi ose. Uku ndiko kutaurirana kwakasimba kwekufamba kwemiviri yevanhu, uye imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwayo, iyo inokurumidza kuratidzwa muzviito.
Pano mwana haachangonzwa kuzvimiririra kwemuviri wake, sezvazvaive pakunzwa. Kuburikidza nekurarama kwekudyidzana kwemuviri nerudzi rwake, anotanga kuzviziva semuviri uye panguva imwechete hunhu hwemagariro. Mushure mezvose, "murwi-diki" inharaunda yevana yakanyanya kuderedzwa, yakamanikidzwa kusvika pamwero wekuti hapana chinhambwe pakati pevatori vechikamu. Urwu rudzi rwezvinhu condensate munharaunda yevana. Mukubatana kwepedyo kwakadaro, kuziva iwe pachako uye kune mumwe nemumwe kunomhanya zvakanyanya kupfuura pane yakajairwa chinhambwe chakanaka. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kuti vana vazive kubata.
Mune tsika dzekukurukurirana kwevana, kukakavara kwemuviri kune mumwe nemumwe (apotheosis iyo "murwi-diki") inogara iine nzvimbo inokosha. Kazhinji inopedza mitambo yemota (semuenzaniso, dump yakajairika mushure mekusvetuka-svetuka kana mutambo wevatasvi vemabhiza), inoita basa rakakosha muboka rinotaura nyaya dzechinyakare dzinotyisa, nezvimwe.
Isu hatisi kuzofunga nezve akasiyana epfungwa mabasa ayo akapokana akadaro mune subculture yevana. Izvo zvakakosha kuti isu ticherechedze chokwadi chekuti chishuwo chinomuka nguva nenguva chekubatana kwemuviri chimiro chehukama mukambani yevana, kunyanya yemukomana. (Tinozvicherekedza pachedu kuti vakomana vanorumurwa kubva pakusangana kwepedyo naamai vavo kare zvikuru kupfuura vasikana, uye vanowana kuwanda kwekubatana kwemuviri kwavanoshaya mukukakavadzana nevezera ravo).
Chii chinonakidza kwatiri ndechekuti "zvizhinji-zvidiki" haisi nzira yakajairika yekubatana kwemuviri kune mumwe nemumwe kune vana. Muchirevo chetsika yenyika, chiratidzo chechimiro chetsika dzechiRussia dzekushamwaridzana nemuviri uye kudzidzisa hunhu hwemwana. Kubva ipapo, izwi rekuti "murwi-diki" pacharo. Chokwadi ndechekuti muhupenyu hwechivanhu boka rakadaro revana raiwanzorongwa nevakuru. Nekushevedzera: “Murwi-duku! Murwi-duku! - varimi vakatora boka revana mune ruoko, vachivakanda pamusoro peumwe neumwe. Vakabuda murwi vakakandwazve pamusoro pevamwe vose. Kazhinji, kushevedzera "Boka rezvishoma!" chaive chiratidzo chinogamuchirwa chenyevero chekuti, chekutanga, munhu anoridza mhere anoona mamiriro acho semutambo, uye chechipiri, kuti akange ave kuda kuwedzera "murwi" achibhadhara muviri wake kana wemumwe munhu. Vakadzi vakuru vakaitarisa nedivi uye havana kupindira.
Chii chaiva kushamwaridzana kwevana mu "murwi" uyu?
Kune rumwe rutivi, mwana wacho akanyatsorarama muviri wake - akadzvinyirirwa, achizununguka pakati pemiviri yevamwe vana, uye mukuita kudaro akadzidza kusatya, kwete kurasika, asi kuzvichengetedza, kukambaira kunze kwemarara. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvakanga zvisingabviri kukanganwa kwechipiri kuti gomo rehupenyu, rinoputika, rinopindira miviri ihama, vavakidzani, vanotamba navo. Nokudaro, kuzvidzivirira, kufamba nokukurumidza uye kushingaira, zvaive zvakakodzera kuita nekunzwisisa - zvakanyatsonaka kuti usaputsa mhino yeumwe munhu, usapinda muziso, kwete kukuvadza chero chinhu kune vamwe vana (ona Fig. 13-6). Nokudaro, "murwi-muduku" wakagadzira kunzwa kwemuviri (tsitsi) maererano nemumwe muunyanzvi hwekukurukurirana kwemuviri nepedyo yemotokari yemunhu ane munhu. Isu takatotaura pamusoro peizvi patakataura nezve ethno-tsika maficha ehunhu hwemuviri wevafambi muRussia yekutakura vanhu.
Nenzira, bhazi rizere nevanhu rakafanana, nenzira inoshamisa, rakafanana ne "murwi-diki" kune vanhu vakuru - hazvisi pasina chikonzero kuti takazviona senzvimbo inoshamisa (zvisinei nemwero) yekudzidzira hunyanzvi hwekutaura nemuviri nevamwe. (chinyorwa chomuzasi: Muchivanhu chechirume tsika, “pile-small «yaiva chimwe chezvinhu zvechikoro cheRussia chedzidzo chemurwi wechibhakera womunguva yemberi. Sokurangarira kunoita muverengi, varwi vokuRussia vaisiyaniswa nokukwanisa kwavo kurwa padaro pfupi; kupinda zviri nyore munzvimbo yekufamba kwemuvengi.Zvakanakira zveRussia melee tactics zvinonyatsooneka mumakwikwi emazuva ano, apo zvibhakera zvinosangana muduwa nevamiriri vezvikoro zvekarati.Zvimwechete zvakaonekwa nevairarama panguva iyoyo mukurwisana kwemaoko nemaoko pakati peRussia. varwi (kunyanya varume vomumusha) uye maJapan munguva yehondo ya1904-1905.
Kuti ubudirire muRussia-style martial arts, zvinodikanwa kuve neakapfava, nhare mumajoini ese, muviri wakasunungurwa zvachose unopindura kudikidiki kufamba kwemudiwa - murwi weRussia haana danho rekutanga uye anogona kuita kubva kune chero. chinzvimbo mukati menzvimbo diki (ona Gruntovsky A. V «Russian fisticuffs. History. Ethnography. Technique. St. Petersburg, 1998). Pano, nenzira, tinogona kuyeuka tsananguro yelaconic yemhando yeRussia yakagadziridzwa, inowirirana inofambisa mutumbi, unowanikwa munyaya dzevanhu: "Vein - to vein, joint - to joint."
Panyaya iyi, «zvizhinji-zvidiki» zvirokwazvo inobudirira zvikuru kudzidzisa modhi yekuvandudzwa kwekuita kwemuviri uye kubata, uye hunhu uhu hunoumbwa nyore nyore muvana vadiki. Munyori akapwiswa nezvaikoku kakawanda mumakirasi aE. Yu. Gureev, nhengo ye "Petersburg Society of Fisticuffs Lovers", uyo akagadzira chirongwa chakakosha chekusimudzira tsika dzechiRussia muvana vadiki).
Kuenderera mberi nemusoro we ethno-tsika maitiro ekufambisa kwemotokari yevana pagomo, hongu, munhu haafaniri kurasikirwa nechiitiko chepakati - slide pachayo kubva pamatope echando.
Munguva yezororo rekarenda yechando mumamiriro ezvinhu emitambo, kukwanisa kwomunhu kuburuka mugomo zvakanaka netsoka dzake kwaiva nerevo yemashiripiti. Semuenzaniso, kuti jira rikure kureba muzhizha, uye shinda kubva pairi haina kubvaruka, vakomana vakaumburuka netsoka dzavo kusvika kure uye zvakaenzana sezvavaigona, vachishevedzera kuti: "Ndiri kuumburuka pamucheka waamai vangu!"
Asi kazhinji, kumunhu weRussia, kukwanisa kugadzikana nguva dzose kunoedzwa nekukwanisa kwake kuita deftly kugara patsoka dzake pachando. Sezvinongoita mhuka yemakomo inokwanisa kufamba munzira dzemakomo nemateru, sezvinoita mugari womugwenga anonzwa kukurumidza kwejecha, saizvozvowo munhu wokuRussia anofanira kufamba zvakanaka paaizi. Munguva yechando, munhu wese anofanira kukwanisa kuita izvi nekuda kwekusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze uye nzvimbo.
Mumazuva ekare, nguva yechando festive fistfights - "masvingo" uye hondo dzechokwadi nevavengi dzaiwanzoitika pachando chenzizi dzakaoma nemakungwa, sezvo kune dzakawanda muRussia uye dzakafara. Naizvozvo, varwi vezvibhakera vaifanira kudzidziswa paaizi kuti vagadzikane.
Mupfungwa iyi, gomo rechando rakakwirira rine kudzika kwakareba inzvimbo yekuedzwa kwakanyanya kwemunhu nekutsvedza kusanganiswa nekumhanya uye panguva imwechete chikoro chaanodzidza kugadzikana uye kugona kunzwa, kunzwisisa uye kushandisa makumbo ake. Kare, makomo akawanda emvura (kureva, akanyanya kufashamira kuti pave nechando) kumahombekombe enzizi aive nehurefu hwakakura kwazvo - makumi mazhinji emamita. Kukura kwakaita mwana uye kuramba akamira netsoka dzake, ndiko kwaainyanya kukwezvwa nemukana wekudzidza kumhanya pamakomo aya marefu. Vese vana nevakuru vakauya nemichina yakawanda, ichifamba pasi pazvaikwanisika kukudziridza kumhanya kwakanyanyisa kutsvedza uye nekuzvimisira mabasa anowedzera akaoma ehunyoro, kuenzanisa uye ushingi. Pamidziyo yakapfava yerudzi urwu yaive yakatenderedza "mazaya echando" - chando chine manyowa akaomeswa nechando musefa kana mubheseni, mabhenji akasarudzika avaigarira vakatasva bhiza - skid yavo yepasi yakavharwawo nekutsvedza nemusanganiswa wechando nendove, nezvimwewo .
Mashoko akakurumbira aGogol, akataurwa pamusoro peshiri yetroika: "Uye rudzi rweRussia rusingadi kutyaira nokukurumidza!" - inogona kuverengerwa zvizere nekutsvedza kubva kumakomo echando. Kana pakanga pasina zvisikwa, mapuranga akareba akavakwa kwezororo, sezvaiwanzoitwa muzana remakore rapfuura paMaslenitsa pakati peSt. Petersburg yakatarisana neAdmiralty, paNeva uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Vanhu vemazera ose vaichovha ikoko.
Apfuura nemuzvivanze zvemazuva ano zveSt. Petersburg nenhandare dzekutamba achitsvaga masiraidhi echando eRussia, munhu anogona kupupurira zvinosuruvarisa kuti kune mashoma awo - zvishoma pane zvaive makore makumi maviri apfuura. Ivo vari kutsiviwa nezvimiro zvemazuva ano zvakagadzirwa nekongiri kana simbi zvimiro, izvo zvinonziwo masiraidhi, asi hazvina kutomboitirwa yechando skiing inotsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Vane simbi yakamanikana, yakakombama uye yakadzikama, yakasimudzwa pasi pevhu. Kubva pairi iwe unoda kudzika pasi pamusana wako kana squat, uchibata kumativi nemaoko ako uye uchisvetuka pasi. Haina chando pairi. Iye, chokwadi, haachinazve kumumburuka pasi. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha - kubva pachikomo chakadaro haugone kukwira wakamira netsoka dzako. Iyi siraidhi ndeyezhizha, yakabva kune dzimwe nyika uko kusina chando chechando.
Chinhu chinosuruvarisa ndechokuti masiraidhi esimbi akadaro iye zvino kwose kwose achitsiva slide yechando yeRussia muSt. Heino imwe yebindu riri pakati peguta umo ndakapedza maawa akawanda gore rakapera ndichiona vana vachitsveta: pakanga pane slide huru yemapuranga echando, iyo yaiva nzvimbo yaidiwa nevana vanobva kumativi ose akapoteredza. Manheru echando, kunyange madzibaba avo, avo vaivatsika, vaikwirako nevana vavo. Munguva ichangopfuura, iyi kona yebindu yakavakwazve - vakaedza kuigadzirisa nekuda kwekuswedera kwayo kune Smolny. Nokudaro, slide yakasimba yehuni, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hunoshamisa, yakaparadzwa, uye chimiro chesimbi chine chiedza chemhando yakarondedzerwa pamusoro chakaiswa panzvimbo yayo.
Iye zvino rakasiiwa kumativi ose: vanaamai vakagara pamabhenji, vana vaduku vari kuchera nefoshoro muchando, vana vakwegura havachaoneki, sezvo pasina nzvimbo yekukwira. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuenda kuTauride Garden, iyo iri kure kwazvo, uye pasina vabereki havabvumirwi kuenda ikoko. Sei vakaita izvi kune ice slide?
Zvichida nokuti rudzi rutsva rwesimbi slide inoratidzika kune vanoronga kuva yakaisvonaka uye yemazuva ano, "senyika dzakabudirira". Zvichida, zvinoratidzika kwavari zvakanyanya kushanda, sezvo inogona kushandiswa muzhizha - kunyange zvazvo masiraidhi akadaro asingawanzo kukwira. Chikamu nenzira iyi, kudiwa kwekuwedzera kwekuchengetedza kwesiraidhi kunobviswa - kuzadza kwayo. Zvechokwadi, mwana haazoperi kunyange ne-slide yakadaro, achaziva kuti angagadzirisa sei, asi chimwe chinhu chakakosha kwaari chichanyangarika pamwe chete nechando slide. Chinhu-nzvimbo yenzvimbo yakamupoteredza ichava murombo - mwana achava murombo.
Kufanana nechinhu chero chipi zvacho chakagadzirwa nevanhu kuti chishandiswe mudzimba, siraidhi yeimwe mhando kana imwe inotakura pfungwa inovaka iyo isina kubuda kubva pakutanga. Inoratidza psychology yevanhu vakagadzira siraidhi - yavo sisitimu yemazano nezve izvo zvinodiwa uye zvakakosha kune ramangwana mushandisi. Muzvinhu zvese zvakatanga kuiswa kuti sei uye sei zvichashandira vanhu. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvinhu zvedzimwe nguva netsika zvinotakura mashoko akadhindwa mumudziyo wazvo nezvevanhu vavakarongerwa. Tichishandisa chero chinhu, tinobatana nepsychology yevagadziri vayo, nekuti tinoratidza chaizvo izvo hunhu hwaifungidzirwa nevagadziri sezvinodiwa pakubudirira kwekushandisa kwechinhu ichi. Semuenzaniso, kupfeka sutu yekare, munhu anonzwa kuti kuipfekedza nenzira kwayo kunosanganisira chimiro chakakosha, plastiki, kufamba kwekufamba - uye izvi, zvakare, zvinotanga kushandura kuzviziva uye maitiro emunhu akapfeka sutu iyi.
Ndizvo zvakaitawo masiraidhi: zvichienderana nezvavari, hunhu hwevana vanokwira kubva pavari hunochinja. Ngatiedzei kuenzanisa zvinodiwa zvepfungwa zvakadhindwa mumasiraidhi emhando mbiri dzatatsanangura.
Ngatitange nemasiraidhi esimbi emazuva ano. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chechimiro chinovasiyanisa kubva kuRussia masiraidhi echando ndechekuti kudzika kunopera sechitubu, zvisingasviki pasi. Mwana anofanira kunonoka uye kumira pamagumo ekudzika kuti arege kudonha, kana kusvetukira pasi zvine mukurumbira sekubva pabhobho. Zvinorevei?
Kuenzaniswa neroller coaster, mukana wekukunguruka wakaderedzwa pano: kutsetseka kwakakomberedzwa uye kupfupi, uye saka kumhanya kunofanirwa kuve kwakanyatso kuganhurirwa kuti usanamatira mhino yako pasi. Kuti slide iite yakamanikana, kunamatira kumativi, dosing kumhanya kwekudzika. Siraidhi yakadaro inobatanidza mwero uye kururama: kuzvidzora uye kudzora zviito zvomunhu, izvo zvinoitika munguva pfupi. Iko hakuna kubatana nepasi mukufamba zvachose.
Panyaya iyi, iyo yeRussia ice slide ndiyo yakanyatsopesana. Kazhinji inokwirira, mutsetse wayo wakapamhama, inotora nzvimbo yakawanda muchadenga, sezvo mugwagwa wakareba une aizi inotambanukira mberi nepasi kubva pairi. Dhizaini yeroller coaster inogadziriswa kuti ipe kureba kwenzira kureba uye kumhanya kwekukurumidza, ndicho chikonzero ivo vaive vakakwirisa sezvinobvira.
Kutyaira uchidzika mugomo rakadaro, unofanirwa kusiya chishuwo chekubatirira pane chimwe chinhu, asi, pane zvinopesana, sarudza pakusundidzira kwakashinga kana kumhanya uye kumhanyisa kumberi nekukasira, uchizvipira kune inokurumidza kuitika kufamba. Uku kuzungunuka, kukunguruka, kuwedzera munzvimbo kusvika painobvumira kugona kwevanhu.
Mukutaura kwezvinoreva, iyi ndiyo imwe yenzira dzekusangana nemamiriro anokosha emudenga, iyo inonyanya kukosha kuRussia worldview. Inotemerwa nelatitude uye longitude yekugona kutendeuka kwemasimba emukati memunhu munzvimbo yepasirese. Muchivanhu chedu, yagara iri yechikamu chezviitiko zvepamusoro zvemunhu weRussia muhukama hwake nenyika yake yekuzvarwa. (chinyorwa chetatu: Chechitatu, siraidhi yesimbi inobvisa izvo zvinodikanwa zvekudyidzana kwevana: hazvichagoneki kutsvedza pasi pamwe chete kana kuronga "boka" nekuti mutsetse ipfupi uye nhete, nekusundidzira kwakapinza kuchavepo. kurova kwakasimba pasi.
Sezvineiwo, muFinland yakavakidzana nayo, makomo akazadzwa neaizi haatombozivikanwi, kunyanya ayo akanyatsovakwa, aaizokwira netsoka dzawo. Uye izvi pasinei nekufanana kwemamiriro ekunze (kutonhora kwechando) uye chokwadi chokuti Finland yakagara iri chikamu cheMambo weRussia. MaFinns anoda mawere echando echisikigo, kubva kwavanotsvedza uye kusvetuka, dzimwe nguva kumusana kwavo, pamapurasitiki. Zvekunakidzwa kwevana muchirimo-zhizha, kune masiraidhi madiki epurasitiki emhando yatakatsanangura pamusoro apa se "newfangled".
Mufananidzo wakafanana muSweden, muzivisi wangu - weSweden ane makore makumi mana, anoziva nhoroondo uye tsika yenyika yake zvakanaka, akaenda kure kure - anopupura kuti vane makomo akawanda echando. Vanoenda kuskiing uye sledding. Asi hazviitike kune ani zvake kuti aazadze, oashandura kuita aizi uye obva paari netsoka dzake. Uyezve, kugadzira masiraidhi echando ekugadzira.
Sezvineiwo, iyo subculture yevana veSweden ine akawanda emhando dzekudyidzana nenzvimbo inotsanangurwa mubhuku rino. Kufanana nevana veRussia, vanoita "zvakavanzika" uye "nzvimbo dzekuvanda", nenzira imwecheteyo vakomana vanovhima "zvakavanzika" zvevasikana. (Izvo, maererano neAmerica ane makore makumi matanhatu, zvinowanzoitika kune vana vekumaruwa muCanada). Kufanana nevana vokuRussia vanogara muUrals neSiberia, vaSweden vaduku vanozviita vamene “dzimba dzokuvanda” munguva yechando, zvakadai semaigloos eEskimos kana kuti Laplanders, uye vanogara imomo vakabatidza makenduru. Kufanana kwakadaro kunogona kufungidzirwa mberi, nokuti zvose kugadzirwa kwe "zvakavanzika" uye kuvakwa kwe "dzimbahwe" kunokonzerwa nemitemo yepfungwa yekuumbwa kweunhu hwemunhu hunowanikwa kune vose vana, iyo inowana nzira dzepedyo dzekunze kwekutaura mukati. tsika dzakasiyana. Kunyange chido chekudzika mumakomo chinoita kuti vana vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana vave nehukama, asi kusvetuka pasi pemakomo ane chando, kunyanya netsoka, kunoratidzika kunge kunonyanya kukosha kwetsika yeRussia yekudyidzana nenyika yavo yekuzvarwa.)
Ngatidzokerei kune masiraidhi mapfupi esimbi. Musiyano wavo wechipiri ndewekuti havasanganisi kuchovha vakamira, asi kumusana chete kana kugwesha. Ndiko kuti, kudzidziswa kwemakumbo sechitsigiro chikuru chinodzimwa, iyo, pane zvinopesana, inonyanya kukosha kumudzidzi wechidiki pagomo rechando reRussia.
Kazhinji, tinogona kutaura kuti ese makuru maficha anosiyanisa eRussia ice slide akavharirwa pane itsva simbi masiraidhi. Pane chaizvo akasiyana psychology pano.
Pamasiraidhi matsva, zvinofungidzirwa kuti madhigirii ekusununguka kwemotokari anogumira, kuzvidzora, kuyerwa kwezviito zvemunhu, kuchena kwakachena, hutano hwekusangana kwetsoka pasi hazvina basa.
Pamasiraidhi echando eRussia, kufarira kumhanya uye chiyero chekufamba muchadenga, kukosha kwekuyedza nechimiro chemuviri, kuvimbika kwekusangana kwemakumbo nevhu kunofungidzirwa, uye mikana yakawanda inopihwa yekudyidzana munharaunda. mukuita skiing.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo yekutamba inogoneka yemasiraidhi echando haingoenderane neyakajairwa yeRussia mental make-up, asi zvakare inotaridza kuumbwa kwayo kuburikidza nemuviri-wepfungwa chiitiko chakawanikwa nevana pavanenge vachisvetuka. Hazvisi masanga kuti makomo echando akaita basa rakakosha kudaro mukarenda yezororo rechando uye zvechinyakare zvinovaraidza.
Iyo ice slide inomiririra chimiro cheRussia chehukama hwemunhu nenzvimbo uye nekukurumidza. Inoburitsa rudzi rweRussia rwekudyidzana nevamwe vanhu. Inonyatsoratidza pfungwa yekubatana kwekufananidzira kwevanhu nepasi.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kutaridzika kwemafashama (kureva, akasikwa akasikwa) makomo echando muhupenyu hwechinyakare mhedzisiro yetsika yehupenyu hwemweya uye hwepfungwa nekunzwisisa kwenzvimbo yekuzvarwa neboka redzinza. Naizvozvo, kusvetuka kubva mugomo rechando kwaive neyakadzama uye yakasiyana-siyana yekufananidzira zvinoreva mutsika dzevanhu. Gomo racho raive "nzvimbo yesimba" inoera - rudzi rwe "guvhu renyika." Vachikwira kubva pairi, vanhu vakapinda mukubatana nemashiripiti nepasi, vachitsinhana simba naro, vakazadzwa nesimba repasi uye panguva imwechete vakapupurira nyika yevanhu kunonoka kwavo uye kukwanisa kuita mabasa ehupenyu.
Mupfungwa dzevanhu vemazuva ano, ice slide yakarasa zvazvinoreva zvemashiripiti, asi inoramba iri yakakosha, nzvimbo ine simba yevana. Inokwezva mukuti inobvumira mwana kugutsa hombe yakaoma yezvinodiwa zvakakosha zvehunhu hwake. Panguva imwecheteyo, gomo rechando rinoshanduka kuva imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha dzetsika-tsika yekugarisana, uko mwana anoona izvo zvinomuita chiRussian.
Chero bedzi vabereki vachionana nemuviri nemweya wavo, vachirangarira ruzivo rwavo rwehudiki, chero paine hukama nenyika yekwavo, chero paine kunzwa kwemukati kwekusabvumirwa kwevana vavo vasingazivi kuti skiing kubva kune gomo chairo rechando nderekuti, vanhu vakuru muRussia vanovakira vana vavo masiraidhi echando.