Howa haisi miti kana mhuka, ihwo humambo hwakasiyana. Howa ihwohwo hwatinounganidza tichidya hunongova chikamu chiduku chechinhu chipenyu chikuru. Hwaro ndeye mycelium. Uyu muviri mupenyu, sekunge wakarukwa neshinda dzakatetepa. Iyo mycelium inowanzovanzwa muvhu kana chimwe chinhu chinovaka muviri, uye inogona kuparadzira mazana emamita. Izvo hazvionekwe kusvikira muviri wefungus wakura pairi, ingave chanterelle, toadstool kana "dendere reshiri".
Mumakore ekuma1960 howa hwainzi fungi (lat. – fungi). Mhuri iyi inosanganisirawo mbiriso, myxomycetes, uye zvimwe zvipenyu zvine hukama.
Inofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni 1,5 kusvika ku2 marudzi efungi anokura paPasi, uye 80 chete awo akaonekwa zvakakodzera. Tichifunga, kune 1 mhando yemiti yakasvibira, kune marudzi matanhatu ehowa.
Mune dzimwe nzira howa huri pedyo mhukakupfuura zvirimwa. Kufanana nesu, vanofema mweya weokisijeni uye vanofema carbon dioxide. Mushroom protein yakafanana neprotein yemhuka.
Howa dzinokura kubva kukakavarakwete mbeu. Howa humwe hwakura hunobereka tumbeu tunosvika mabhiriyoni 16!
Hieroglyphs inowanikwa mumakuva evanafarao inoratidza kuti vaIjipita vaiona howa “chirimwa chisingafi”. Panguva iyoyo, nhengo dzemhuri yehumambo chete dzaigona kudya howa; vanhuwo zvavo vakarambidzwa kudya michero iyi.
Mumutauro wemamwe madzinza ekuSouth America, howa nenyama zvinodudzwa neshoko rimwe chetero, tichifunga kuti zvakaenzana muzvokudya.
VaRoma vekare vaidana howa “zvokudya zvavamwari”.
MuchiChinese mushonga wevanhu, howa hwakashandiswa kwezviuru zvemakore kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Sayenzi yekuMadokero yava kutanga kushandisa mishonga yemishonga inowanikwa muhowa. Penicillin uye streptomycin mienzaniso ine simba mishongainobva muhowa. Mamwe antibacterial uye antiviral makomisheni anowanikwawo muumambo uhwu.
Howa dzinonzi dzakasimba immunomodulators. Vanobatsira kurwisa asima, allergies, arthritis nezvimwe zvirwere. Ichi chivakwa chehowa parizvino chiri kuferefetwa nevarapi vekuMadokero, kunyangwe kurapa kwefungi kunogona kupararira zvakanyanya.
Kungofanana nevanhu, howa hunogadzira vhitamini D kana yaiswa muchiedza chezuva uye nemwaranzi yeultraviolet. Iyo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa mukurimwa kwemaindasitiri kwehowa. Semuenzaniso, kushumira kwemitaki kune 85% yezvinokurudzirwa kudya kwezuva nezuva kwevhitamini D. Nhasi, kunyanya kukoshesa kushayikwa kwevhitamini iyi, iyo inobatanidza nezvirwere zvakawanda, kusanganisira kenza.
Howa ndezvi:
Kunobva niacin
Kunobva selenium, fiber, potassium, mavitamini B1 uye B2
Haina cholesterol
Yakaderera mumacalorie, mafuta uye sodium
Antioxidants
Uye zvakare chipo chaicho chechisikigo, chinovaka muviri, chinonaka, chakanaka mune chero chimiro uye chinodiwa nevakawanda gourmets.