Mukati
Kudyara howa panzvimbo nekudyara muti une mycorrhiza inzira yakanaka yekuwana howa kudyara pane yako dacha. Pamusoro pekuti howa hwakakodzera kudyiwa huchaonekwa mukamuri yako yezhizha, iwe zvakare uchawana inoyevedza nyika kona. Nekudyara mushroom mycorrhiza, howa senge chanterelles, boletus, howa hwemukaka, howa uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvipo zvemusango zvinogona kurimwa pamunhu.
Nzira yekudyara howa muimba yezhizha: kubereka mafuta
Dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti nzvimbo dzehowa dzinogadzira - mapopo, micheto, kudyara kwemugwagwa, yakafukidzwa nemiti yesango yekusagadzikana - inongoerekana yawira munzvimbo yekushandiswa kwehupfumi. Kana iwe uchiziva kuti kutsakatika kunotyisidzira nzvimbo yehowa yakadaro, saka ipfungwa yakanaka kutamisa mycorrhiza muti kubindu rako. Saka iwe unogona kubereka mahowa akawanda panzvimbo, chinhu chikuru ndechokusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera kwavari mubindu.
Muchikamu cheEurope cheNyika Yedu, mhando mbiri dzembeu dzemafuta dzinonyanya kuwanda: oiler chaiyo (Nguruve yero) uye granular oiler (Granulated nyama yenguruve) Kubatsira kwegranular oiler yekukura panzvimbo iyi ndeyekuti inopa goho rakawanda, pasi pepine kubva muna Chivabvu kusvika pakupera kwematsutso. Butterflies inogona kukura pasi pemapine madiki. Vanobereka zvibereko pakati pouswa, vasingaputsi kuvimbika kwouswa. Paunenge uchikura howa uhwu muimba yezhizha, mycelium haitamburi kana uchicheka uswa.
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Imwe yedzakanyanya kuvimbika nzira yekukura mycorrhizal fungi mubindu ndeyekudzvanya muti mudiki pasi peiyo inodiwa fungus inokura. Paunenge uchikura howa panzvimbo, chirimwa chinogona kuoneka mumakore mashoma. A granular oiler ndiyo yakanyatsokodzera nzira iyi. Oiler iyi inobereka michero kubva muna Chivabvu kusvika pakupera kwaGunyana uye inopa goho rakakura. Anosarudza ivhu recalcareous, rakasarudzwa pakudyara. Iyo butterdish inokura kwete musango chete, asiwo pamucheto wesango munzvimbo yekuzvidyara mapine, uko uswa hunokura uye kune hushoma humwe howa hunogona kukwikwidzana nayo. Miti yepine yakasimwa inokura nokukurumidza mubindu.
Usati wakura howa hwakadai panzvimbo, munzvimbo yekuzvidzvara yemapine pane yaimborimwa munda, zvinofanirwa kumaka pamberi penguva miti ine yakawanda fruiting yegranular oiler. Munguva yekuedza kuberekesa, mipaini yakacherwa kunze pasina vhu revhu. Muti wekutanga wepine, zvishoma pasi pemamita muhukuru, wakasimwa munzvimbo yakasununguka yezuva pakati pehuswa hwehuswa uye berry makwenzi muzhizha ra 2000. Uswa hwakadiridzwa nehose mumamiriro okunze akaoma. Howa hwekutanga hwakaonekwa muimba yezhizha muzhizha ra2004, asi kukohwa kwaiva kuduku. Muna 2005, bhotoro ndiro yakabereka michero kakawanda muzhizha rose. Mumwaka we2006, iyo yekutanga yefruiting howa pabindu rakanyorwa pazororo raMay 9, yechipiri - musi waMay 30, uye mamwe butterflies aionekwa nguva dzose nekakawanda kwemavhiki matatu kusvika pakupera kwaSeptember.
Paunenge uchikura howa muimba yezhizha, kutarisira munda wemafuta kunosanganisira kugara uchidiridza lawn pasi pemipaini. Nzvimbo iyi inofanirwa kuvharirwa neplastic mesh yakaderera kuti idzivirire pakutsika. Mafuta anonyanya kufarira kuoneka padhuze nemakwenzi, matanda efenzi uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi pakukura kwe mycelium.
Munguva kubva 2007 kusvika 2010, pakukura howa, miti yepine ine granular butter dish uye chaiyo butter dish yakasimwa kune munda webindu. Granular oilers inokura gore rega rega, uye sampuli imwe chete yeoiri chaiyo yakaonekwa kashoma. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nemhando yecalcareous yevhu pane saiti.
Nzira yekuberekesa safron howa muzhizha cottage garden plot
Mupre-revolutionary Nyika Yedu, yaive fashoni kushongedza nzira dzechivakwa nemiti yemifirita yakacherwa munzvimbo dzinobereka howa musango. Tadii kudzosa tsika iyi? Kuendesa muti weKisimusi ne mycorrhiza spruce camelina (Tinotya dairy) ichaita kuti chibereko chegore negore chemusango uyu mushroom pane saiti uye kushongedza gadheni.
Spruce camelina - howa yakaisvonaka kwazvo ine muenzaniso wakajeka pachivharo mumhando yezvindori zvekaroti yakajeka ruvara neine greenish tint. Kunyange kana howa huchikura musango riri pedyo, zvine musoro kuparadzira howa idzi panzvimbo yacho nemaoko ako, nokuti dzinogona kuunganidzwa mangwanani pakarepo padzinooneka. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti spruce howa inokura muzhizha uye inokurumidza kukuvadzwa nezvipembenene.
Inogadzira mycorrhiza nepine gourmet camelina (Mukadzi akanaka wemukaka) Pine camelina yakakura kupfuura spruce uye isinganyanyi kupenya. Inobereka michero mukupera kwematsutso pasi pemiti yemipine paivhu reraimu. Naizvozvo, mune mamwe makore, mukutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze, unogona kuunganidza yakazara tswanda yeasiri-worming safuroni mukaka caps.
Panguva imwecheteyo, howa inodyiwa Chroogomphus rutilus inokura ipapo, iyo inodawo ivhu re calcareous uye inoumba mycorrhiza nepine. Iyo howa yakakura, yakaita chanterelle, yero-brown ine mahwendefa epepuru-violet. Vamwe vanonhonga howa vanofarira kuravira kwakatapira kwe mokruha.
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Inonaka camelina inokohwewa muhuwandu hwakawanda munaGunyana mudiki mapine groves. Uko minda isina kurimwa inorimwa yakakomberedzwa nemasango emipaini, masango akasvibira anoita. Howa hwepaini hunomera muminda yakadaro. Paivhu reraimu pasi pemiti yemipine, mafuta anotanga kukohwewa, uye ipapo mokruha nehowa zvinoonekwa ipapo.
Nzira yekukura sei safoni howa mubindu? Nzira iri nyore ndeyekudyara miti midiki yemupine kubva pamunda wepaini. Mipaini inodzika midzi zvakanaka, kunyangwe ikacherwa pasina vhinga revhu. Pedyo nenzvimbo inobereka michero yekamelina, mipaini yese ine mycorrhiza yayo pamidzi. Howa hunogona kuonekwa mumakore mashomanana, kunyange usati wazora mafuta. Asi, kana muoiri anogona kukura zvakanyanya uye kubereka michero pauswa pasi pemupaini wakasiyana wakasimwa kuti ushongedze bindu, ipapo camelina inofarira pine grove uye yakakwirira isina kuchekwa uswa.
Paunenge uchikura howa munharaunda yako mushure mekudyara mapaini ane makore 2-3 ane saffron mycorrhiza kubva musango, howa hwakaonekwa gore rakatevera. Hauwani goho rakawanda, asi howa hwedu hunoshanda sechiratidzo chekuhuunganidza musango.
Sweetish, zvishoma tart orenji mukaka mukaka muto wehowa hauvava. Ryzhik haina chepfu zvachose uye yakakodzera kudyiwa mune chero fomu.
Kurima chanterelle howa kuseri kwemba
Kubva kune dzimwe mycorrhizal fungi dzakadyarwa chanterelles (Chanterelle cibarius) uye mukaka wakaoma howa. Chanterelles inowanzoonekwa yega muminda yebindu pamberi pemiti ipapo. MuEurope, uye Munyika Yedu, vazhinji vanofarira chanterelles kune humwe howa. Pane zvikonzero zveizvozvo. Munguva yemwaka wehowa, chanterelles inokura nguva dzose uye kwose kwose, kunyange mugore rakaoma. Iwo akajeka eyero - ari nyore kuwana uye anogona kuunganidzwa zvakanyanya. Chanterelles yakanyatsochengetedzwa mushure mekuunganidza, haiputsi kana kutyora mubhegi. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvekuti kuunganidza kwavo nekutenga kwakamiswa.
Nzira yekudyara chanterelle mushroom pachirongwa? Kuti uite izvi, dyara mubindu muti uri padyo neiyo Cantharellus cibarius yakaonekwa musango.
Kunyange avo vasina kunyanya ruzivo nezvehowa vanoziva kuti chanterelles haisi chepfu. Chimwe chikonzero ingano yezvekuporesa kwavo uye kuti havaunganidzi zvinhu zvinokuvadza. Asi iyi ingori ngano, nekuti maererano nehutano hwakanaka kana kukuvadza, chanterelles inosiyana zvishoma kubva kune mamwe anodyiwa mycorrhizal howa. Kana zviri zvekuravira kwavo, kuravira kwavo uye kunhuwa, kunyangwe howa, hazvina simba. Ivo vakanaka mune skillet, nekuti. dzakakangwa zvishoma, asi zviri nani kuzvibika pamwe chete nedzimwe howa dzinonhuhwirira.
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Maitiro ekuparadzira howa mumunda webindu: kukura howa
Zamu rakaoma, cracker, kana podgruzdok white (Russia delica) rinenge risina kuvava, harina muto wemukaka. Nyama yakachena ine sweetish, zvishoma spicy kuravira. Haasi munhu wose anofarira kuvava kwayo, asi mushure memunyu kana kubika inopera. Inokodzera chero ndiro, uye mu pickling inenge yakanaka sehowa chaiyo. Vakawanda vari munharaunda yeMoscow vanomuona semutoro chaiwo, izvo zvisiri zvechokwadi.
Kuitira kuti mahwendefa asina kusimba ehowa arege kuputsika asati abika, anofanira kunge ari blanched. Dzimwe nguva inowanikwa muminda yebindu ine birch. Dambudziko rayo guru ndiro honye yakasimba yehowa. Vanhu vashomanana vanoziva kuti chifuva chakaoma chinopa simba rine simba re fruiting mukupera kwematsutso, panguva iyo kunyange mienzaniso mikuru kwazvo inoramba isiri honye.
Kana iwe ukaberekesa howa uhwu muchirongwa senge musango uye unogadzira mamiriro ekuita kwayo, mukudonha iwe unogona kuunganidza akakwana mukaka howa we salting. Paunenge uchigadzira mbeu yembeu, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti spores yemukaka wakaoma mushroom, kufanana nehutu hwema chanterelles, haigari zvakanaka mukugadzirisa. Iwe unogona kushandisa kumiswa kwe spores pamwe chete nepulp.
Uye nzira yekuberekesa howa mumunda webindu mukaka howa ndeyechokwadi (Tiri murimi wemukaka) uye blackies (lactarius necator)? Ita zviri nani ne birch. Mukaka chaiwo (Tiri murimi wemukaka) zvechokwadi ndimambo wehowa mukuravira. Uhwu muchena, wozoti kamufiremu howa ane densely shaggy cap margin. Iyo pulp ine dense, brittle, ine kunhuhwirira kunofadza. Muto wewhite caustic unoshanduka yero mumhepo.
Howa chaihwo hwemukaka, hwakatonhora-munyu, hune hunyoro hunofadza uye kuravira. Munyu wemukaka howa wakafukidzwa nejelly-like juice inotorwa kubva mubhodhoro ne smack. Zvinhu zvishoma zvichienzaniswa navo sechikafu! Mujinga memakomo eUrals muBashkiria, panguva yekukohwa kukuru kwehowa, bhakiti rehowa rinodhura zvishoma pane bhaketi rembatatisi. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, muchikamu cheEurope cheNyika Yedu, zamu chairo rinouya kashoma uye muhuwandu hudiki.
Asi muminda yebindu yenharaunda yeMoscow, uko kune miti yeBirch uye ivhu rakanyorova, dzimwe nguva rinoonekwa zamu dema (lactarius necator) Muminda ine miti, mukaka wakakura unowanzokura - violinist (Murimi wemukaka) Violin ine zvakare kunhuhwirira uye inovava kuravira. Kuvava uku hakufadze kunakirwa kunyangwe mushure mekunyorova kwenguva refu.
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Nzira yekurima humwe howa mubindu
Uye nzira yekuparadzira howa hwemamwe marudzi pane saiti? Kutapurirana kwebirch uye maoki madiki ane white fungus mycorrhiza inogona kuitwa kakawanda, asi mhedzisiro yaive yekuonekwa kweimwe mycorrhizal fungi pasi pemabhishi. Usati wakura porcini howa muimba yezhizha, zviri nani kuchera mabhishi nemiouki ine clod yevhu uye boletus pane coma. Saka hapana mubvunzo pamusoro pekuvapo kwe mycorrhiza yemuchena fungus pamidzi.
Pasi pemabhishi maviri gore rino, howa hwemukaka hunodyiwa hwakakura, hwakafanana nehowa hwemukaka. it lactic zonal (Lactarius zonarius) Iine huturu hunopinza asi hunofadza. Muto muduku wemukaka. Iyi howa yakanaka ine dense pulp yakakodzera kunhonga nenzira inotonhora.
Boletus spruce (Pine bed) yakaunzwa zvakananga pamidzi yomuti weKisimusi kubva kumahombekombe eWestern Dvina. Muti watora midzi. Pakanga pasati pava nehowa. Inokura mubindu uye mashoma aspens ane mycorrhiza red boletus (Mubhedha weorenji) Parizvino hapasati pave nechero fruiting.
Chiitiko chakabudirira chekurima zvipembenene pamubhedha wehuni chakakurudzira kufarira kune humwe howa hwemusango hunokura pasi pesango.
Zvinonyanya kunakidza kwavari:
- howa inonaka uye yakakurumbira mutsara wepepuru (Lepista mushwi), inokura mumatsutso pamarara mumasango econiferous;
- akafanana naye chaizvo kukwasva kwakasviba (Sordid lepista);
- steppe oyster howa (Pleurotus eryngii), chena muvara, inonzi "boletus" nokuti yakafanana mukugadzirwa uye chimiro kune howa chena;
- howa hwemashanga (volvariella volvacea), inokura zvakanaka pamashanga pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Dzimwe nguva howa, hunonzi humic, hunokurawo pamarara.
Somuenzaniso, i woodland champignon (Agaricus silvicola) uye August champignon (Agaricus Augustus), iyo yakakura muna 2013 pawillow chip mulch pachayo. Muna 2013 uye 2014, mushure mokunge ruva remhete rakamira kubereka michero munaSeptember, rakakura pamubhedha mumwe chete. chikwapuro (Sherufu yewillow) Howa hwakabikwa hune kunhuhwirira kwehowa. Fried willow spit zvakare yakanaka kwazvo!
Uye kupfuya howa sei amburera huru ine mavara (macrolepiota procera) uye mutsetse wakajairika (Gyromitra esculenta)? Dzinogona kuparadzirwa pachishandiswa tekinoroji yekurima howa.
Asi iyo inonyanya kudiwa uye inonaka kwazvo humus howa ndeye kukwasva lilac-makumbo (lepista personata) Zvinokwanisika kuti mune ramangwana zvichave zvichibvira kukura mamwe mahowa emuti pamubhedha wehuni chips.
It zhizha uchi agaric (Kuenheromyces mutabilus) uye autumn line (Wedzera gyrometer).
Zvakare zvinonakidza ink mushroom (Coprinus atramentarius), iyo inoita kuti doro rive muchetura nekuvhara maenzayimu anoora doro.
Iye zvino iwe unoziva kurima howa wesango pane saiti, zvinoreva kuti inguva yekuita!