Munyika yose, matani anopfuura mabhiriyoni 1,3 ezvokudya anoparadzwa gore negore. Kudyisa vane nzara pasi rose bhiriyoni imwe chete kunogona kuitwa nechikafu chisingasviki chikamu chimwe muzvina chezvokudya zvinokandwa mumatororo muUS neEurope.
Mumusangano weWorld Economic Forum uchangoburwa, kuderedza kurasirwa kwechikafu kusvika pamatani 20 miriyoni pagore kwakaonekwa sechimwe chezviito gumi nezviviri zvinogona kubatsira kushandura magadzirirwo echikafu pasi rose panosvika gore ra12.
Uye South Korea yakatungamira, iko zvino ichidzokorora kusvika 95% yemarara ayo echikafu.
Asi zviratidzo zvakadaro zvakanga zvisiri nguva dzose muSouth Korea. Zvokudya zvinonwisa muromo zvinoperekedza chikafu chekare chekuSouth Korea, panchang, zvinowanzoenda zvisina kudyiwa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwechikafu kwakanyanya pasirese. Munhu wega wega muSouth Korea anogadzira zvinopfuura 130 kg yemarara echikafu pagore.
Mukuenzanisa, marara echikafu pamunhu muEurope neNorth America ari pakati pe95 ne115 kg pagore, sekureva kweFood and Agriculture Organisation yeUnited Nations. Asi hurumende yeSouth Korea yatora matanho akasimba ekurasa makomo aya echikafu chisina kudya.
Kare muna 2005, South Korea yakarambidza kuraswa kwechikafu mumarafi, uye muna 2013 hurumende yakaunza kudzokororwa kwemarara echikafu vachishandisa masaga akasarudzika. Paavhareji, mhuri ine vana vana inobhadhara madhora matanhatu pamwedzi pamabhegi aya, izvo zvinokurudzira vanhu kuita composting yemumba.
Mari yebhegi zvakare inovhara makumi matanhatu muzana yemutengo wekufambisa chirongwa, icho chakawedzera marara echikafu kubva pa60% muna 2 kusvika 1995% nhasi. Hurumende yakabvumidza kushandiswa kwemarara echikafu sefotereza, kunyange hazvo imwe yacho ichive chikafu chezvipfuyo.
Smart midziyo
Tekinoroji yakaita basa rinotungamira mukubudirira kwechirongwa ichi. Muguta guru renyika, Seoul, 6000 otomatiki midziyo ine zviyero uye RFID yakaiswa. Michina yekutengesa inoyera marara echikafu anouya uye inobhadharisa vagari kuburikidza nemakadhi avo ezvitupa. Michina yekutengesa yakaderedza huwandu hwekuraswa kwechikafu muguta nematani makumi mana nemanomwe mumakore matanhatu, sekureva kwevakuru veguta.
Vagari vanokurudzirwa zvikuru kuderedza huremu hwemarara nekubvisa hunyoro kubva mairi. Izvi hazvingodimburi mari yavo yekurasa marara — marara echikafu ane hunyoro hunosvika 80% — asi zvinoponesa guta madhora 8,4 miriyoni mumari yekuunganidza marara.
Tsvina inounganidzwa pachishandiswa biodegradable bag scheme inotsikirirwa panzvimbo inogadzirwa kuti ibvise mwando wasara, unoshandiswa kugadzira biogas nebiooil. Tsvina yakaoma inosandurwa kuita fetireza, izvo zvinozobatsira kukurudzira kufamba kuri kukura kwemadhorobha.
Mapurazi eguta
Mumakore manomwe apfuura, nhamba yemapurazi neminda yemichero muSeoul yakawedzera zvakapetwa katanhatu. Iye zvino vava mahekita zana nemakumi manomwe - ukuru hunosvika mazana maviri nemakumi mana enhandare dzenhabvu. Mazhinji acho ari pakati pezvivakwa zvekugara kana pamatenga ezvikoro uye zvivakwa zvemanisipala. Rimwe purazi rinowanikwa kunyange mukamuri repasi pechivako chefurati uye rinoshandiswa kurima howa.
Hurumende yeguta inovhara 80% kusvika 100% yemari yekutanga. Vatsigiri vechirongwa ichi vanoti mapurazi emumaguta haangoburitse zvinhu zvemuno chete, asi kuti anounza vanhu pamwe chete munharaunda, ukuwo vanhu vaimbopedza nguva vari vega. Guta rinoronga kuisa macomoster ekurasa chikafu kutsigira mapurazi eguta.
Saka, South Korea yakafambira mberi - asi zvakadini nepanchang, zvakadaro? Sekureva kwenyanzvi, vanhu vekuSouth Korea havana sarudzo kunze kwekuchinja madyiro avo kana vachinyatso kurwisa kutambisa chikafu.
Kim Mi-hwa, Sachigaro weKorea Zero Waste Network: “Pane muganhu wekuti yakawanda sei tsvina yechikafu inogona kushandiswa sefetereza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panofanira kuchinja madyiro edu, sekuenda kune imwe dhishi rekudya senge kune dzimwe nyika, kana kudzikisa huwandu hwepanchang inoperekedzwa nekudya.