Mukati
Howa dzerudzi rweMilky ndedzemhuri yeSyroezhkov. Chikamu chavo chekudya chakaderera (3-4), zvisinei, zvisinei neizvi, vanokaka mukaka vairemekedzwa muNyika Yedu. Dzichiri kukohwewa, kunyanya idzo mhando dzakakodzera kuiswa munyu nekunhonga. Mune mycological classification, kune angangoita zana nemakumi maviri emarudzi eLactarius, angangoita makumi mapfumbamwe anokura muNyika Yedu.
Iwo ekutanga lactic anokura munaJune haasi-caustic uye akachenuruka yero. Yese lactic howa howa dzinodyiwa, uye dzinogona kusiyaniswa nekuvapo kwejusi panzvimbo dzakachekwa kana kuputsika. Nekudaro, ivo, sehowa hwemukaka, vanova vanodyiwa mushure mekutanga kunyura kuitira kubvisa kuvava. Vanokura mumapoka.
Vagadziri vemukaka vaGunyana vanotora nzvimbo dzakakura zvichienzaniswa nedzaNyamavhuvhu, vachiswedera pedyo nenzvimbo dzine machakwi, nzizi nemigero.
Mukaka howa uye mukaka howa muna Gumiguru inoshandura ruvara zvakanyanya mushure mekutanga chando. Kuchinja uku kwakasimba zvekuti zvakaoma kusiyanisa pakati pavo. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa muzvokudya, soak uye munyu chete avo vanokaka mukaka vasina kuchinja chitarisiko chavo uye zvinhu pasi pesimba rechando.
Iwe unogona kuwana mapikicha uye tsananguro dze lactic howa dzemhando dzakajairika pane ino peji.
Milky isiri-caustic
Lactarius mitissimus nzvimbo dzekugara: masango akasanganiswa uye coniferous. Ivo vanogadzira mycorrhiza neBirch, kazhinji neoki uye spruce, vanokura mu moss uye pamarara, mumwe uye mumapoka.
Mwaka: Chikunguru-Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 2-6 cm, yakaonda, yakakomberedzwa pakutanga, gare gare inogwadama, ichiva yakaora mwoyo mukukwegura. Iko kunowanzo kuve nehunhu tubercle pakati pechivharo. Nzvimbo yepakati yakasviba. Chinhu chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndeyemuvara wakajeka weheti: apricot kana orange. Iyo cap yakaoma, ine velvety, isina concentric zones. Micheto yecap inoreruka.
Sezvauri kuona mumufananidzo, gumbo reiyi lactic mushroom rakareba 3-8 cm, 0,6-1,2 cm gobvu, cylindrical, dense, ipapo mhango, yemuvara mumwechete ne cap, yakareruka kumusoro. chikamu:
Nyama yevhavha ine yero kana orenji-yellowish, dense, brittle, ine kunhuhwirira kwazvakarerekera. Pasi peganda, nyama yakacheneruka yero kana kuti orange, isina kunhuwa kwakawanda. Muto wemukaka wakachena, wemvura, haushanduki ruvara mumhepo, kwete caustic, asi zvishoma zvinovava.
Mahwendefa, anonamatira kana kuburuka, akaonda, epakati penguva, akareruka zvishoma kudarika chivharo, akacheneruka-orenji, dzimwe nguva ane mavara matsvuku, zvishoma zvichidzika kusvika padzinde. Maspores ane creamy-buff muruvara.
Variability. Yellow plates inova yakajeka ocher nekufamba kwenguva. Rudzi rwechivharo runosiyana kubva kuapricot kusvika kune yellowish-orange.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Iyo mukaka inofanana ne Catfish (Lactatius fuliginosus), umo ruvara rwechivharo nemakumbo zvakareruka uye ruvara rwe-brown-brown rinonyanya kunaka, uye gumbo rakapfupika.
Nzira dzekubika: salting kana pickling mushure mekutanga kurapwa.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Milky pale yellow
Pale yellow milkweed (Lactarius pallidus) nzvimbo dzekugara: masango emuouki nemasango akasanganiswa, anokura mumapoka kana mumwe.
Mwaka: Chikunguru Nyamavhuvhu.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye4-12 cm, dense, convex pakutanga, gare gare flat-prostrate, zvishoma kuora mwoyo pakati, mucous. Chinhu chakasiyana chemhando iyi ndeyero yakacheneruka, yakacheneruka buff kana buffy-yellow hat.
Chenjerera kumufananidzo - iyi lactic cap ine ruvara rusina kuenzana, pane mavara, kunyanya pakati, apo ine mumvuri wakasviba:
Mucheto wechivharo kazhinji une striation yakasimba.
Dzinde iri 3-9 cm kureba, 1-2 masendimita gobvu, mhango, ruvara rwakafanana neye cap, cylindrical muchimiro, mune vakakura ine zvishoma kirabhu-yakaumbwa.
Nyama yakachena, ine kunhuhwirira kunofadza, muto wemukaka wakachena uye haushanduki ruvara mumhepo.
Mahwendefa acho anogara achidzika, asina kusimba achidzika pamwe chete nedzinde kana kunamatira, yero, kazhinji ane pink tint.
Variability. Ruvara rwechivharo uye dzinde rinogona kusiyana kubva payellow kusvika kune yellowish-buff.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Mukaka wakacheneruka wakafanana newhite milky (Lactarius mustrus), iyo cap color ichena-grey kana white-cream.
Nzira dzekubika: inodyiwa mushure mekutanga kunyura kana kufashaira, inoshandiswa kuita salting.
Zvinodyiwa, 3th chikamu.
Milky kwazvakarerekera
Nzvimbo dzinogara dzakarerekera milkweed (Lactarius quietus): masango akavhenganiswa, ane deciduous uye oak, anokura ari oga uye mumapoka.
Mwaka: Chikunguru-Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 3-7 cm, dzimwe nguva kusvika 10 cm, pakutanga convex, gare gare inogwadama, ichiva yakaora mwoyo mukukwegura. Chinhu chakasiyana chemhando iyi heti yakaoma, ine silky, mauve kana pinkish-brown ine nzvimbo dzakatanhamara dzepakati.
Gumbo 3-8 cm kureba, 7-15 mm gobvu, cylindrical, dense, ipapo mhango, cream-ruvara.
Nyama yekapu ine yero kana yakasviba brown, brittle, mukaka wemukaka haushandure ruvara muchiedza.
Mahwendefa anonamatira uye achidzika pahunde, kazhinji, kirimu kana chiedza chebrown, gare gare kuva pinkish.
Kusiyana: ruvara rwechivharo runogona kusiyana kubva papink brown kusvika kune tsvuku tsvuku uye creamy lilac.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Zvinoenderana netsanangudzo, iyo isina kwayakarerekera mukaka inoita seyakanaka inodyiwa oak milkweed (Lactarius zonarius), iyo yakakura zvikuru uye ine mipendero yakamonereka.
Nzira dzekubika: salting kana pickling mushure mekutanga kurapwa.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Mukaka unonhuhwirira
Hugaro hwezvinonhuhwirira milkweed (Lactarius glyciosmus): coniferous uye masango akasanganiswa,
Mwaka: Aug. Sept.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 4-8 cm, dense, asi brittle, inopenya, yekutanga convex, gare gare flat-prostrate, yakaora mwoyo zvishoma pakati, kazhinji ine tubercle duku pakati. Rudzi rwekapu ine brownish-grey ine yepepuru, yero, pink tinge.
Gumbo 3-6 cm kureba, 0,6-1,5 masendimita gobvu, cylindrical, rakatetepa zvishoma pasi, rakatsetseka, rakatsvuka.
Iyo pulp haina kusimba, ine brownish kana tsvuku-tsvuku. Muto wemukaka wakachena, unoshanduka girini mumhepo.
Mahwendefa acho anowanzo, akamanikana, zvishoma achidzika, akajeka.
Variability. Rudzi rwechivharo uye dzinde rinogona kusiyana kubva kune grey-brown kusvika kune tsvuku-tsvuku.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Mukaka unonhuwira wakafanana neumber milky, umo chivharo chine umber, grey-brown, nyama yakachena, inoshanduka yakasvibiswa pakucheka, uye haishanduki. Bowa huviri hunoshandiswa hwakaiswa munyu mushure mekutanga kufashaira.
Nzira dzekubika: howa inodyika, asi inoda kutanga inosungirwa kufashaira, mushure mezvo inogona kuiswa munyu.
Zvinodyiwa, 3th chikamu.
mukaka lilac
Lilac milkweed (Lactarius lilacinum) nzvimbo dzekugara: yakakura-yakasiiwa nemioki uye alder, masango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, inokura imwe uye mumapoka.
Mwaka: July - kutanga kwaOctober.
Chivharo chine dhayamita ye4-8 cm, pakutanga convex, gare gare convex-prostrate nepakati concave. Chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chezvipenyu ndeye lilac-pink ruvara rwechivharo chine chiedza chepakati uye chakareruka. Iyo cap inogona kunge iine zvishoma zvinooneka concentric zones.
Gumbo 3-8 cm kureba, 7-15 mm gobvu, cylindrical, dzimwe nguva rakakombama pazasi, pakutanga gobvu, gare gare mhango. Rudzi rwezinde rinosiyana kubva kuchena kusvika kune yero-kirimu.
Nyama yakaonda, chena-pinkish kana lilac-pink, isina-corrosive, zvishoma, isina kunhuwa. Muto wemukaka wakawanda, wakachena, mumhepo unowana lilac-greenish ruvara.
Mahwendefa acho anowanzo, akatwasuka, akaonda, akamanikana, anonamira uye zvishoma achidzika padivi pehunde, yekutanga kirimu, gare gare lilac-kirimu ine yepepuru tint.
Kusiyana: ruvara rwechivharo runogona kusiyana kubva papink brown kusvika kune reddish cream, uye stalk kubva kune creamy brown kusvika kune brown.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Iyo milky lilac yakafanana muvara kune yakatsetseka, kana common milkweed (Lactarius trivialis), iyo inosiyaniswa nemicheto yakatenderedzwa uye yakadudzwa nzvimbo dzakadzika dzine ruvara rwepepuru uye brown tint.
Nzira dzekubika: salting kana pickling mushure mekutanga kurapwa.
Zvinodyiwa, 3th chikamu.
Milky grey-pink
Nzvimbo dze grey-pink milkweed (Lactarius helvus): masango ane deciduous uye akavhenganiswa, mumachakwi ari muhutu pakati pemabirches nefirs, mumapoka kana mumwe.
Mwaka: Chikunguru-Gunyana.
Iyo ngowani yakakura, 7-10 cm muhupamhi, dzimwe nguva kusvika 15 cm. Pakutanga ine convex ine mipendero yakakombama yakadzika, silky fibrous ine depression pakati. Pane dzimwe nguva kune kabundu kadiki pakati. Mipendero inotwasuka pakukura. Chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chemhando ndeye grey-pink, fawn, grey-pink-brown, grey-brown hat uye kunhuhwirira kwakanyanya. Iyo yepamusoro yakaoma, velvety, isina concentric zones. Howa hwakaomeswa hunonhuwirira souswa hutsva kana kuti coumarin.
Gumbo gobvu uye ipfupi, 5-8 cm kureba uye 1-2,5 cm mukobvu, akatsetseka, mhango, grey-pink, rakareruka kupfuura cap, rakazara, rakasimba muhuduku, rakareruka kumusoro, upfu, gare gare rutsvuku. -bhurawuni.
Nyama yakakora, ine brittle, chena-yellow, ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwazvo uye inovava uye inopisa zvakanyanya. Muto wemukaka une mvura, mumifananidzo yekare inogona kunge isipo zvachose.
Zvinyorwa zvepakati penguva, zvishoma zvichidzika pahunde, zvakareruka kupfuura chivharo. Spore powder ine yellowish. Ruvara rwemahwendefa ndeyeyero-ocher ine pink tint.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Nekunhuwa: inonhuhwirira kana muchero, grey-pink milky inogona kuvhiringika nemuoki milky (Lactarius zonarius), iyo inosiyaniswa nekuvapo kwenzvimbo dzakadzika pane yebrownish cap.
Kubika nzira. Milky grey-pink maererano nemabhuku ekunze anonzi ane chepfu. Mumabhuku epamba, anoonekwa seasina kukosha nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kwawo uye anodyiwa mushure mekugadzirwa.
Conditionally edible nekuda kwekuravira kwakanyanya kupisa.
Milky camphor
Camphor milkweed (Lactorius camphoratus) nzvimbo dzekugara: deciduous, coniferous uye masango akasanganiswa, paivhu rine acidic, kazhinji pakati pemoss, inowanzokura mumapoka.
Mwaka: Gumiguru Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 3-7 cm, isina kusimba uye yakapfava, ine nyama, yakakomberedzwa pakutanga, yobva yagwadama uye yakaora mwoyo zvishoma pakati. Chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chezvipenyu ndechetubercle yakanyatsotsanangurwa iri pakati pechivharo, kazhinji ribbed edges uye juicy tsvuku-tsvuku ruvara.
Gumbo 2-5 cm kureba, tsvuku-tsvuku, yakatsetseka, cylindrical, yakaonda, dzimwe nguva yakatetepa pazasi, yakatsetseka muchikamu chepasi, velvety muchikamu chepamusoro. Rudzi rwechidzitiro rwakareruka kupfuura rwevhavha.
Iyo pulp yakaoma, inotapira mukunaka. Chinhu chechipiri chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndiko kunhuhwirira kwecamphor mu pulp, iyo inowanzofananidzwa nekunhuhwirira kwebug yakapwanyika. Kana yakachekwa, iyo pulp inoburitsa chena mukaka inotapira muto, asi ine inopinza aftertaste isingachinji ruvara mumhepo.
Mahwendefa acho anowanzoitika, akatsvuka-ruvara muvara, akafara, ane upfu, achidzika pamwe chete netsinde. Spores dzakachena chena, elliptical muchimiro.
Variability. Rudzi rwehunde uye chivharo chinosiyana kubva kune dzvuku dzvuku kusvika kune rima uye tsvuku tsvuku. Mahwendefa anogona kuva ocher kana tsvuku muvara. Nyama inogona kuva neruvara rune ngura.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Camphor milky yakafanana ne rubella (Lactarius subdulcis), iyo inewo chivharo tsvuku-tsvuku, asi haina kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwecamphor.
Nzira dzekubika: salting mushure mekunyorova kana kufashaira.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
mukaka coconut
Nzvimbo dzinogara coke milkweed (Lactorius glyciosmus): masango anotema uye akasanganiswa ane mabhishi, anokura ari ega kana mumapoka madiki.
Mwaka: Gumiguru Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 3-7 cm, isina kusimba uye yakapfava, ine nyama, yakakomberedzwa pakutanga, yobva yagwadama uye yakaora mwoyo zvishoma pakati. Chinhu chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndeye grey-ocher hat ine mheto dzakareruka dzakatetepa.
Gumbo 3-8 cm kureba, 5-12 mm gobvu, cylindrical, rakatsetseka, rakareruka zvishoma pane chivharo.
Nyama yakachena, yakaoma, nekunhuhwirira kwekokonati, muto wemukaka haushanduki ruvara mumhepo.
Mahwendefa acho anowanzo, chiedza chekrimu chine pinkish tinge, zvishoma zvichidzika pahunde.
Variability. Rudzi rwechivharo rwunosiyana kubva kune grey-ocher kusvika grey-brown.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Iyo coconut milky yakafanana neyepepuru mukaka (Lactarius violascens), iyo inosiyaniswa negreyish-ruvara rwebrown ine mavara epinki akacheneruka.
Nzira dzekubika: salting mushure mekunyorova kana kufashaira.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Milky wet, kana grey lilac
Wet milkweed (Lactarius uvidus) nzvimbo dzekugara: masango anodonha ane birch uye alder, munzvimbo dzine hunyoro. Kurai mumapoka kana mumwechete.
Mwaka: Chikunguru-Gunyana.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye 4-9 cm, dzimwe nguva kusvika 12 cm, pakutanga convex ine mupendero wakakotama pasi, wozopfugama, wakaora mwoyo, wakatsetseka. Chinhu chinosiyanisa chemhando iyi chivharo chakasimba, chinopenya uye chinopenya, chero yero kana yero-brown, dzimwe nguva ine makwapa madiki ebrown uye nzvimbo dzakanyanya kutarisisa.
Gumbo rakareba 4-7 cm, 7-15 mm gobvu, rakachenuruka rine makwapa ero.
Iyo pulp ine dense, chena, chena mukaka muto mumhepo inowana yepepuru hue.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Iyo yakanyorova mukaka mumumvuri weruvara uye chimiro yakafanana neiyo chena mukaka (Lactrius musteus), asi haina inopenya uye inopenya ngowani, asi yakaoma uye ine matte.
Nzira dzekubika: salting kana pickling mushure mekunyura kwemazuva 2-3 kana kufashaira.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Pano iwe unogona kuona mapikicha e lactic mushroom, tsanangudzo yaro inoratidzwa pane ino peji:
