Sei zvisingadikanwi kuparadzira hogweed Sosnowski

Vanhu vanoti: kana iwe uchida kugumbura muvakidzani wako, isa zvishoma zvehogweed mbeu yeSosnovsky mumunda wake. Ndechipi chirimwa ichi uye nei varimi vachichitya kudaro?

Hogweed - muchiLatin - Herácléum inhengo yemhuri yeamburera uye ine marudzi makumi mashanu nemaviri. Zvizhinji zvacho zvinokura muEastern Hemisphere, munzvimbo dzayo dzine mwero. Panharaunda yenyika yedu kune marudzi makumi mana emiti yemhando iyi. Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, hogweed yeSiberia yaionekwa seyakanyanya kuwanda. Kwemakore makumi matatu apfuura, hogweed yaSosnowsky zvishoma nezvishoma yakava mutungamiri.

A zvishoma nhoroondo

Kune akati wandei mavhezheni enhoroondo yekuonekwa kwechirimwa ichi. Vamwe vanotenda kuti Sosnowski's cow parsnip mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa majini kwakaitwa nesangano rakavanzika. Asi kana tikafunga nezvemaitiro ehurumende yeUSSR mukupera kwe30s uye 40s, kunyanya Stalin, kune genetics, iyi vhezheni inoita seinonetsa.

Mhinduro kumubvunzo inogona kutaurwa nezita rechiLatini remuti - Herácléum sosnovskii Manden. Izwi rekupedzisira ipfupiso yezita renyanzvi yezvipenyu akariziva nekuritsanangura. NdeyaIda Panovna Mandenova, muSoviet uye Georgian akarongeka botanist. Ane mamwe marudzi akati wandei ehogweed hombe, yaakaona nekutsanangura achidzidza maruva eCaucasus muma40s ezana ramakore reXX. Hogweed yaSosnovsky yakatumidzwa zita raDmitry Ivanovich Sosnovsky, uyo akaita zvakawanda kuti adzidze maruva eCaucasus. Chimiro cheSosnovsky's hogweed chakagara chiripo kwenguva yakareba, asi chaive nenzvimbo shoma. Kugoverwa kwayo ndiko "kukodzera" kwemurume akaunza hofori iyi mutsika, izvo zvakakonzera njodzi yeanthropogenic yezvakatipoteredza.

Kekutanga, zviedzo pakuiswa kwechirimwa ichi mutsika zvakatanga muna 1946, makore mana mushure mekufa kweAcademician Vavilov, uyo anonzi nezvidzidzo izvi. Akabatanidzwa mukuedza paPolar-Alpine Botanical Garden, iri munharaunda yeMurmansk. Sarudzo yakadaro isina kujairika yedunhu inogona kutsanangurwa nekuti mune zvisikwa marudzi mazhinji ehogweed anokura munzvimbo ye subalpine.

Sosnovsky's cow parsnip yakagadzirirwa kudyisa mhuka. Hukuru hwezvipenyu hwechirimwa ichi - kusvika 2500 centner pahekita - hwakapa tarisiro yakajeka yekuishandisa sechirimwa chefosho. Asi tariro yacho yakanga isina kururama. Mukaka wemombe kubva pakudya kwakadaro wakavava. Sezvo Sosnovsky's mhou parsnip yakashanduka kuva antiseptic, zvakanga zvisingabviri kuvirisa mukaka kuti ugadzirwe. Pamusana pesimba rakasimba reesrogenic remuti uyu, mhou dzakatanga kuva nezvinetso nekubereka. Mhuru hadzina kuchechenya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vakambomira kupa zvipfuyo chikafu ichi, asi nzira yekudyara zvirimwa yaive yatotangwa.

Biological features of hogweed Sosnovsky

Tsanangudzo yechirimwa ichi inofanira kutanga nehukuru hwayo.

• Kureba kunogona kusvika 3 m.
• Kukora kwemuti - kusvika 8 cm.
• Mudzi wepombi unopinda muvhu kusvika 2 m.
• Mashizha anoyevedza anopera ari madiki spikes, anosvika pahupamhi hwemamita 1,2 uye kureba kwemamita 1,5.
• Maruva - maamburera makuru anosvika 40 cm muhupamhi, ane maruva anosvika makumi masere. Pano vanoratidzwa mukubwinya kwavo kwose.

  

• Chirimwa chacho chine monoecious, saka hachidi mupfuri. Kunyange kopi imwe chete inogona kutanga boka rose rehofori. Maruva anoiswa mukume nezvipembenene.

Huwandu hwembeu muuswa hweHercules hunoibvumira kuti ibudirire kukunda matunhu ese matsva, vane rekodhi vanosvika makumi matatu neshanu. Uye chivako chakadai se monocarpicity, ndiko kuti, kukwanisa kukura kusvikira simiti ichitumbuka uye inopa mbeu, inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma zvikuru kurwisana nehogweed. Kukura kwekuita maruva kunogona kutora makore anosvika 35 kunyangwe nekuchekwa kwegore. Kumera kwembeu kwakanyanya uye kunosvika 000%. Kubudirira kwavo kwakanyanya makore 12. Iwo akareruka uye anotakurwa nemhepo kwenhambo refu.

• Ichi chirimwa chinotumbuka muna Chikunguru-Nyamavhuvhu, uye mbeu dzinoibva muna Nyamavhuvhu-Gunyana.
• Dzinde rine pubescence.
• Mhando dzakasiyana dzehogweed dzinogona kuberekesana, dzichigadzira mahybrids.

Asi kwete chete hukuru hukuru hunobvumira chirimwa ichi kutonga uye kubvisa vavakidzani vayo.

Chokwadi chinonakidza

Kazhinji kacho, hogweed yaSosnovsky inokura munzvimbo dzine uswa hunovhiringidzwa - pedyo nekare yekare mombe uye munzvimbo dzine manyowa asina kuibva, uko zvipfuwo zvinowanzofamba. Pane tsananguro iri nyore yechokwadi ichi. Ichokwadi ndechokuti hogweed yeSosnowsky inodya cyanobacteria nemamwe mabhakitiriya eanaerobic, ayo anowanikwa muhuwandu munzvimbo dzine okisijeni yakaderera, kureva uko kune kuunganidza manyowa.

Iyo avalanche-yakafanana maitiro inoonekwa: zviri nani chirimwa ichi chikafu nekukura, iyo shoma oksijeni iri padyo nayo, iyo inoshingaira cyanobacteria inowedzera. Kuti abvise vakwikwidzi, simiti yakadzidza kusunungura zvinhu zvakakosha muvhu izvo zvinokanganisa masero ane nucleus. Zvinhu izvi zvinozvidzivirira kubva pakuparadzana, zvinonyatso paradza. Cyanobacteria nemamwe anaerobes haana nucleus, uye hogweed chete inowana zvose. Iyi ficha inoita kuti irege kuurayiwa, asi panguva imwechete inodzikamisa nzvimbo yekugara.

Zvinhu zvine ngozi zvehogweed Sosnovsky

Sei mombe yaSosnovsky parsnip ine ngozi? Mafuta anokosha anosanganisirwa mukugadzirwa kwayo, iyo inonyanya kushanda iyo inosanganisa furocoumarins, iyo ine photosensitizing effect, inokonzera photodermatosis paganda. Iyo alkaloids uye triterpene saponins iri muhombe iyi inonziwo ine chepfu kuvanhu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hogweed yaSosnovsky chirimwa chine chepfu, zvikamu zvaro zvese zvine njodzi, kunyanya muchikamu chekukura chekukura: panguva yekutumbuka uye kuibva kwembeu.

Usambofa wakaswedera pedyo nemhou yeSosnovsky parsnip, uye kunyange zvakadaro usaibata.

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza mhedzisiro yekusangana nechirimwa ichi chine njodzi.

Mhedzisiro yemafuta akakosha paganda ndeyekuti inoinyima zvachose kudzivirira kubva kune ultraviolet mwaranzi. Nokudaro, kupisa kunoitika paganda mushure mekubatana uye kunyange kungova pedyo nemuti, iyo dzimwe nguva inosvika 3 degrees.

Zvinorwadza zvakanyanya, zvakaoma kurapa uye hazvipore kwenguva refu. Kazhinji, kutsva kwakadaro kunofanira kurapwa muchipatara. Kupora kunogona kutora nguva inopfuura mwedzi mumwe. Kutsva kunosiya mavanga anorwadza.

Kupisa kunokanganisa mativi ekunze kwemaziso kunogona kukonzera upofu, sezvo kuchikanganisawo cornea.

Nehurombo, imwe nguva inopera pakati pekuita kwe ethereal vapors ye hogweed paganda uye kutaridzika kweganda rekuita, inenge kota yeawa, kusangana nechirimwa chine njodzi kunoenderera mberi uye huwandu hwekukuvadza hunowedzera, saka mhedzisiro yekupisa yakanyanya. zvakakomba, kunyange zvinouraya.

Kupisa kubva mairi hakuna kusimba zvakanyanya, asi kwete zvishoma zvinorwadza.

Maitiro ekudzikisa mhedzisiro yekusangana neSosnovsky's hogweed inoratidzwa muvhidhiyo:

Ichi chirimwa chine njodzi kunyanya kune vanhu vane allergies. Kusangana nayo kunogona kukonzera allergies, iyo inonzi Quincke's edema, apo larynx, iyo yakazvimba kubva mukati, haingobvumiri munhu kufema.

Chokwadi chinonakidza

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvakashata zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro pehogweed, asi inewo mishonga yemishonga. Chirimwa ichi chinoita se

• soothing;
• pain reliever;
• antiseptic uye anti-inflammatory;
• anticonvulsant;
• antispasmodic;
• antipruritic.

Iyo spectrum yekurapa chiito chechirimwa ichi chakapamhama. Kubva pairi, mishonga inoshanda yakasikirwa kurapwa kwezvirwere zvakawanda.

The Institute of Biology yeRepublic of Komi yakagamuchira patent yekushandiswa kwegadziriro kubva kuSosnovsky's hogweed kudzvinyirira salmonella, uye Sukhanov AI inokurudzira kurapa psoriasis ne tincture yemiti iyi, akagamuchirawo patent yeiyi nzira.

Hogweed Sosnowski, kana yakadzidzwa zvakadzama, yakaratidzawo zvimwe zvinobatsira zvinhu.

Zvakanakira hogweed Sosnovsky

• Mushure mekudzidza zvirimwa zvegore negore, masayendisiti AI Sigaev naPV Musikhin vakaona kuti kuumbwa kwavo uye zvinhu zvemuviri zviri pedyo netsanga. Masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana fibrous semi-yakapera chigadzirwa chine cellulose. Iyo inokwanisa kutsiva chikamu chehuni mbishi zvinhu mukugadzirwa kwepackaging board.
• Zvidzidzo zvakabudirira zvakaitwa kuti vawane bioethanol kubva kune yakabikwa hogweed, inova biofuel.
• Nekushandiswa kweSosnowski's hogweed sechirimwa chekudya, hazvisi zvose zvakajeka zvakare. Sosnovsky's hogweed ine mapuroteni akawanda, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuishandisa sechirimwa chekudya, asi nezvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Sirasi kubva mumuti uyu, yakasanganiswa nezvimwe zvirimwa zvine mapuroteni akawanda, inogona kupiwa kumhuka dzisina kugadzirirwa kubereka vana nemukaka: mhuru, nzombe, mhou dzakakora. Sezvo furocoumarins iripo zvakare muhogweed silage, huwandu hwayo hunofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya. Muzvikamu zviduku, zvinhu izvi zvinowedzera kubereka kwemhuka, muhuwandu huzhinji huri chepfu.

Chokwadi chinonakidza: kune nzira dzakasarudzika dzekushandisa hogweed, semuenzaniso, sechiridzwa chemimhanzi kana zvinhu kudzivirira hunde yemiti midiki kubva kumakonzo.

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza chandelier yakagadzirwa neSosnowski's hogweed.

Nzira dzekutarisana nemhou yeSosnovsky parsnip

Asi zvakadaro, kukuvadza kubva kwairi kwakanyanya kupfuura kunaka. Kupararira kuri kuwedzera kwechirimwa chine chepfu ichi kunonetsa vanhu vari munyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Nyaya yekurwisa iri kugadziriswa padanho rehurumende, munyika dzakawanda matova nehurongwa hwehurumende hwakanangana nekupedza dambudziko renharaunda iri. Huwandu hwezvidyarwa zvehogweed huri kuramba huchikura, vanotora nzvimbo dzakawanda uye dzakawanda, vachidzvanya zvirimwa zvesango uye zvakarimwa zviri padyo.

Zvinoita here kurwa naye? Chiitiko chenyika dzakasiyana chinoratidza kuti zvinogoneka, uye zvinobudirira. Kune nzira dzinoshanda dzekutarisana neuswa uhu hukuru huchabatsira kubvisa nharaunda yenyika yedu yehogweed, kuisiya nenzvimbo yayo yepakutanga.

Chii chinoda kuitwa kudzivirira mhou parsnip

• Mushonga wesora unogona kushandiswa kurwisa hogweed yaSosnovsky. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Roundup. Kuwanda kwayo hakufaniri kuva pasi pe360 g/l. Zvirimwa zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa kanopfuura kamwe pamwaka. Mamiriro makuru ndiwo kuwanda kwemashizha akanyorova angangoita 70%. Chero nzira yekugadzirisa inogona kushandiswa: sprayer, pendi brashi. Mhedzisiro huru inocherechedzwa kana chirimwa ichirapwa muchikamu cheshizha regrowth. Kugadziriswa kwezvirimwa kunoitwa mune sutu yekudzivirira kemikari.
• Maitiro ekurima. Kucheka uswa hweHercules kunopa mhedzisiro chete pamamiriro ekurima kunotevera, kudzokororwa dhisiki uye kugadzirisa kwesaiti nehuswa husingagumi kana kudyara mbatatisi. Hazvibviri kutema mhou parsnip ne scythe kana trimmer, sezvo zvikamu zviduku zvechirimwa zvinogona kupinda munzvimbo dzisina kudzivirirwa dzomuviri.
• Kushandiswa kwe geotextile kunogoneka kana yakafukidzwa nevhu kubva kumusoro nekasero kanosvika masendimita mashanu uye yakadyarwa nehuswa hwehuswa. Geotextiles akaiswa pazvidyarwa zvakapwanyika.

  

• Kushandisa black film. Firimu dema rinogadzikwa panzvimbo yakatenuka yepasi uye yakatsikiswa zvakanaka. Mumwaka unotevera, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kudyarwa nehuswa kana goho rinoda kugara richisunungurwa.

Kudzora matanho asingashande

• Normal bevelling.
• Kucheka uye kubvisa rhizomes.
• Kushandiswa kwejira dema risiri rakarukwa.

Hogweed Sosnovsky ane hama inowanzowanikwa munyika yedu yose, iyo isiri iyo isiri yemiti ine chepfu, asi yakashandiswa kwenguva refu nokuda kwezvinangwa zvekudya - Siberian hogweed kana boka. Mhando mbiri idzi dzakasiyana zvishoma. Siberian hogweed idiki pane imwe yayo, haina kukura kupfuura 1,8 m. Kune mamwe misiyano: mashizha emasumbu anowedzera kuparadzaniswa, matavi emiti ari kumusoro uye ari pubescent akasimba kupfuura eSosnovsky's hogweed.

Kunewo misiyano mu inflorescences uye maruva avo anoumba. Maruva ane yellowish-girini petals, uye mwaranzi yakaoma amburera inflorescence ari pubescent. Siberian hogweed inoburitsa kunhuhwirira kudiki kwairi chete.

Kunewo kusiyana kwekugara kwemiti iyi: Hogweed yaSosnovsky inoda ivhu rakanyorova, asi kunyura kwemvura kunouraya kwaari, uye shamwari yake yeSiberia inokura zvakanaka mumafashamo emvura, pedyo nemahombekombe ehova nenzizi - uko ivhu rakanyorova. Unogona kusangana naye mumasango mashoma.

Mhando iyi yagara ichishandiswa pakudya. Izvi zvinoratidzwawo nemazita akawanda emunharaunda: hogweed, wild sorrel, borscht. Mishonga midiki nemashizha zvinodyiwa, iyo decoction iyo inonhuwira sehowa. Mashizha anoiswa mu saladhi, uye petioles yavo inonatswa. Kubva pachirimwa, caviar inowanikwa, inonaka senge eggplant.

Iyo yakasvibira yakawanda yeSiberia hogweed inodyiwa nyore nezvipfuwo.

mhedziso

Muzvisikwa, kune mutemo wekuenzana kwemarudzi. Kutyorwa kwayo nekuda kwezviito zvevanhu zvisina kunaka zvine chekuita nemhuka kana nyika yezvirimwa zvinotungamira kunjodzi kwezvakatipoteredza. Kune mienzaniso yakawanda yeizvi. Zvakaitikawo nemhou yeSosnowski parsnip. Uye kana pane imwe nguva yakapinzwa zvisina mufungo mutsika, zvino vari kuedzawo kuiparadza vasingafungi. Zvichida, akadzidza Sosnovsky's hogweed zvakadzama, vanhu vachamuka uye vanotanga kubereka zvakare izvo zvinoparadza nechisimba nhasi.