Mhumhi muromo mumwana

Kamukara kakatsemuka kanokura muchibereko mukutanga kukura. Panguva imwecheteyo, mucheche ane mutsara mudenga, ndicho chikonzero kune kutaurirana kwakananga pakati pemuromo nemhino. Mukurapa, kukanganisa kwakadaro kunonzi cheiloschisis.

Kazhinji muromo wakatsemuka unoenda pamwe nehumwe hurema - muromo wakatsemuka. Chikonzero uye nzira yekuitika kwavo yakafanana. Kutsemuka kwemapfupa emukanwa kunogona kutungamirira mukutsemuka kwematishu akapfava, kusanganisira miromo nemhino. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mwana ane zvose pathologies - cleft palate uye muromo wakatsemuka.

Kunyange zvazvo muromo wakatsemuka ungave wakanyanya kunaka uye uchikanganisa kutaura, kamukanwa kakatsemuka kwakatonyanya kuipa. Kamukara kakatsemuka kanogona kusaonekwa kana matishu akapfava akasakanganiswa. Vabereki vanoteerera kune dambudziko apo mwana asingakwanisi kuyamwa kazhinji, anodzipwa, mukaka unobuda mumhino. Muzvipatara zvemadzimai, vana vanoongororwa kuti vasabvisa chirwere ichi, asi kana pane kuberekwa pamba, chinogona kuregwa.

The cleft palate ndechimwe chegumi chinowanzozivikanwa checongenital pathologies muvana. Vasikana vane mikana yakawanda yekutsemuka mukanwa pasina kukanganisa muromo, uye vakomana vanowanzova nemiromo yakatsemuka isina chirwere chemukanwa.

Chii chinonzi mhumhi muromo

Pakutanga, mudumbu, fetus haina fused skull mapfupa muchimiro iyo yakajairika kuona pakupedzisira. Ichi chikamu chebudiriro. Pakupera kwesvondo rechigumi nerimwe renhumbu, mativi ose anodiwa emapfupa edehenya uye chiso cheembryo zvinenge zvasangana. Kana mumatanho ekutanga fetus yakakanganisika, mamwe maburi haawedzere, munyaya iyi denga.

Vana vakadaro havagoni kudya kazhinji - nzira yekuyamwa inovhiringidzika, zvokudya zvinopinda mumhino yemhino, zvichikonzera kuzvimba. Mune ramangwana, kutaura kunotadzawo, kududzirwa kwemanzwi kwakaoma, vana "gundos". Nehungwaru uye nemanzwiro, vana vane muromo wakatsemuka vakajairika, dambudziko rinongove anatomical.

Muromo wemhumhi ungasava iwo wega chirema. Dzimwe nguva kunoitika sechikamu siyana syndromes.

Zvikonzero zvekutsemuka palate mumwana

Maererano nemasayendisiti, chete 10-15% yehurema inogadziriswa genetically. Ndiko kuti, kunyange kana mumwe wehama aine muromo wemhumhi, mukana wekuonekwa kwechimwechete mumwana unowedzera ne7% chete.

Zvikonzero zvikuru zvepathology isimba rekunze kwekunze chaiko mumatanho ekutanga ekuzvitakura. Kazhinji panguva iyi, mukadzi haazivi kuti ari kutakura mwana, uye anoramba achitora zvinodhaka zvinorambidzwa panguva yekuzvitakura, kusvuta kana kunwa doro. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kukura kwe fetus, nzira yefupa fusion inovhiringidzika.

Pakutanga kwepamuviri, vakadzi vazhinji vakaderedza kusadzivirirwa, uye zvirwere zvinotorwa panguva ino zvine ngozi kune fetus.

Hapana zvishoma zvine ngozi kukuvara kwemudumbu, mwaranzi, kushaya mavhitaminzi, kutanga kubvisa nhumbu, mapundu uye kufutisa. Kunyange zera raamai nechimiro chavo chendangariro zvinogona kukanganisa bviro yokuva nomwana ane mukanwa wakatsemuka.

Zviratidzo zvepalate palate mumwana

Iyo yakakura kutsemuka mudenga, kunowedzera kuoneka kuvepo kwechirwere. Nekutsemuka kusina kukwana, mwana anodzipwa paanosveta, anodya zvisina kunaka, mukaka unogona kuyerera kubva mumhino. Kana mukaha wapinda, wakwana, mwana ane dambudziko rekufema, mumutemo haakwanise kuyamwa. Kazhinji, panguva yekuberekwa kwepanyama, amniotic fluid inopinda mumhepo yekufema yevana vakadaro, saka vanoda rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi.

Paunenge uchiongorora muromo wemuromo uye pharynx, gomba rinoonekwa panzvimbo iyo iyo yose yakapfava palate inowanzowanikwa. Kana kupatsanurwa kwakakanganisawo muromo, ipapo kupatsanurwa kwemuromo wepamusoro kuita maviri kana kupfuura mahafu kunoonekwa kunze.

Kurapa kwepalate palate mumwana

Muromo wemhumhi une njodzi kana paine matambudziko akanyanya, saka unofanirwa kurapwa. Zvinosuruvarisa, mhinduro chete yedambudziko iri kuvhiyiwa. Kurapa kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei, uye oparesheni yekutanga inogona kuitwa kusvika gore.

Vana vazhinji vane mukanwa wakatsemuka vanopfeka chinobturator vasati vavhiyiwa, prosthesis inovhara pakazaruka pakati pemhino nemukanwa. Izvi zvinobatsira mwana kufema zvakanaka, anobatsira nzira yekudya uye kuumbwa kwekutaura.

Kunyangwe vasati vavhiyiwa, mwana anodzidziswa kudya nekapu yakakosha, sezvo kusveta kwakaoma pasina mimwe michina. Unyanzvi hwekudya kwakakosha kwakadaro huchauyawo hunobatsira mushure mekuvhiyiwa, sezvo ronda racho richirwadza uye chikafu hachibviri. Mukuwedzera, kune ngozi yemavanga makuru, uye kupora pachayo kuchaderera.

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwakatevedzana, unofanirwa kunyatso chengetedza muromo wemuromo, kurapa maronda neantiseptics, uye kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. A special massage of the soft palate inoshandiswawo, iyo inovandudza kutenderera kweropa uye inopedza mavanga. Munguva yekudzorera nguva, iwe uchada rubatsiro rwemutauriri wekutaura, defectologist kuti atange kutaura kwakajairika. Uye orthodontist ichadzora kukura kwemazino uye kukura kweshaya. Kana chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka, vanonyora mahwendefa ekugadzirisa, mastaples.

Kurapa kwakaoma uye kwakareba, asi semhedzisiro, vangangoita 95% yevana vane cleft palate vanozokanganwa zvachose nezve dambudziko.

Diagnostics

Kazhinji inoratidza kukanganisa panguva yekuzvitakura, panguva ye ultrasound. Asi zvinokwanisika kuongorora chiyero chekuparadzanisa kwedenga chete mushure mekuberekwa kwechecheche. Panguva yekusununguka, pane njodzi yeamniotic fluid inopinda mumhepo yekufema kuburikidza nemukaha, saka zviri nani kuti vanachiremba vazive nezvechirwere ichi pachine nguva.

Mushure mekuberekwa kwemwana, vanachiremba vanoongorora, uye kuputika kunoonekwa kune ziso rakashama. Mukuwedzera, vanoongorora kunzwa, kunhuwa, kutora kuongororwa kweropa kuti vabvise zvirwere.

Mishonga yemazuva ano

Asati avhiyiwa, mwana anonyatsoongororwa uye anoronga kuti vachagadzirisa sei dambudziko racho. Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, uye dzinosarudzwa mumwe nomumwe kune murwere muduku wega wega. Panguva yekuronga, ivo zvakare vanobvunza chiremba wevana, otolaryngologist, neurologist, maxillofacial surgeon, kutaura therapist, orthodontist.

Kugadziriswa kwekuvhiya kwepalate isina kukwana kunonzi uranoplasty. Inoitwa pazera remakore maviri. Iyi nzira ichabatsira kana chimiro cheshaya chisina kukanganisa, uye chidimbu hachina kunyanya kukura. Panguva yekushanda, muromo wakapfava unorebeswa kumwana, misumbu yakabatana. Kana pasina matishu emunharaunda akakwana, mamwe anoshandiswa kubva pamatama nerurimi.

Kana shaya yakatetepa uye mazino asina kumira zvakanaka, mwana anotanga kurapwa neothodontist. Kuvhiya kuchava gare gare, kana zvisina kudaro kukura kweshaya kunogona kukanganisa. Kazhinji uranoplasty munyaya iyi inoitwa pamakore 4-6.

Kudzivirirwa kwepalate palate mumwana kumba

Zvinokurudzirwa kuronga pamuviri. Ipapo mukadzi achazvitarisira uye panguva dzinokosha dzekutanga matanho achadzivisa netsaona kutora mishonga ine chepfu, kusvuta, doro. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana mukadzi asati aziva nezvepamuviri.

Zvakakosha kutora mavitamini anorayirwa negynecologist, kuongororwa nguva dzose. Dzivisa mhomho uye pfeka zvinodziya, nekuti mumavhiki ekutanga kudzivirira kwaamai kune njodzi.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Chiremba wevana – chiremba mukuru wevana – ari mushishi kugadzirisa dambudziko rekutsemuka kwemukanwa pamwe chete navana chiremba, vana chiremba nevamwe vana mazvikokota. Chiremba wevana anova nechokwadi chokuti mwana anodya zvakanaka, anobatsira kuderedza ngozi yezvirwere, uye anopa mazano pakuchengeta mwana. Verenga zvakawanda nezvekurapwa kwevana vane cleft palate uchataura chiremba wevana Daria Schukina.